Effects of plant density on yield and yield components of some sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars in Sistan climate

Subject Areas : Journal of Plant Ecophysiology

Z. Alipoor ¹ (گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران)
S. Mahmoodi ² (گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران)
M. Galvi ³ (گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران)
Z. Mahdiani ⁴ (گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران)

Received: 2015-09-26 Accepted : 2015-09-26 Published : 2015-09-01

Keywords: Yield, Height, Chernianca, Hyssun 33, number of leaf,

Abstract :

In order to determine the effect of plant density on yield and yield components of four genotypes of sunflower an experiment was conducted in Research Farm of Zabol University in 2011. The statistical design was split plot in randomized complete block with three replications. Four plant densities (7, 9.5, 12 and 14.5 plant/m2) and four genotypes of sunflower (Hysuun33, Alester, CMS-R43 and Chernianca) were considered. The results showed that there was a significant difference between cultivars on seed yield, 1000 grain weight, plant height, number of seed on head and number of leaf. Also effect of different densities was significant on seed yield, head diameter, plant height, number of seed on head and number of leaf. Interaction effect of plant density and cultivar was significant on plant height. Plant height of Alester, Hysuun33 and CMS-R43 cultivars enhanced with increasing number of plant, but plant height of Chernianca cultivar had not significant variation under different plant density. Also, interaction effect of cultivars and plant densities was significant on 1000 grain weight. In general, Hysuun33 with average grain yield of 6500 kg/ha  and Chernianca  with average  grain yield of 5240 kg/ha and suitable  plant height was suggested for Sistan region. Also 14.5 plant/m2 density with average grain yield of 6903 kg/ha was suitable for this condition. با افزایش تراکم بوته افزایش یافت ولی ارتفاع رقم چرنیانکا تحت تاثیر تراکم بوته قرار نگرفت. رقم هایسان 33 با عملکرد دانه 6500 کیلوگرم در هکتار به عنوان رقم پرتولید و رقم چرنیانکا با عملکرد دانه 5240 کیلوگرم در هکتار به دلیل عملکرد قابل قبول و ارتفاع مناسب برای کشت در این منطقه پیشنهاد شد. همچنین تراکم 5/14 بوته در متر­مربع با متوسط عملکرد 6903 کیلوگرم در هکتار به عنوان مناسب­ترین تراکم برای کشت آفتابگردان تعیین شد.