The tolerance and stability of triticale genotypes under drought stress and altered environmental conditions

Subject Areas : Journal of Plant Ecophysiology

بصیری Basiri ¹ , Omid Alizadeh ² , فرود بذر افشان ³ , مهدی زارع ⁴ , Mohammad Yazdani ⁵

1 - Department of Agriculture, Firoozabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran.
2 - عضو هیات علمی
3 - دانشگاه اراد اسلامی
4 - گروه اصلاح نباتات، واحد فیروزاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، فیروزاباد، ایران
5 - Department of Agriculture, Firoozabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran

Received: 2023-05-23 Accepted : 2023-12-03 Published : 2024-10-15

Keywords:

Abstract :

In order to consider the effect of different irrigation treatments on triticale and considering the probability of screening some suitable genotypes tolerant to drought stress, a two-year study (2018 and 2019) with four irrigation regimes (normal irrigation and withholding irrigation in thrre different growing stages containing flowering, milky seed, and seed filling) and nine elite genotypes (Sanabad, Paj, Javanilo, ET-92-15, ET-92-18, ET-83-20, ET-85-17, and ET-83-18) was performed. Grain yield of the triticale genotypes were measured in all treatments and used to estimate the tolerance and stability of the genotypes based on numerous number of related indices. Since, according to results of this study, no single index could be suitable for distinguishing tolerant genotypes, these indices should be applied together and extract information from all of such tolerance indices by using multivariate methods. In this study in addition to biplot based on PCA, a new method as heatmap was also applied. Furthermore, multivariate stability indices containing AMMI and GGE models applied for finding stable genotypes. According to the results of tolerance indices, genotypes ET-85-04, Sanabad, and Paj were the most tolerant genotypes in response to drought stress condition in comparison to other genotypes. Meanwhile, The results of stability analyses indicated that genotypes ET-85-04 and ET-83-20 were the genotypes with lowest variability in different environments. Therefore, ET-85-04 based on the results from both tolerance and stability indices is an suitable genotype to be used as a candidate for releasing new cultivars of triticale genotypes or applied in future breeding plans. In this study the results indicated that using stability and tolerance measuring methods together as a mixed method can be the most effective way to distinguish proper genotypes.