Investigating the vulnerability of cities to thermal islands (Case study: Tehran and Varamin)

Subject Areas : Geography of places

hassan jafari ¹ , mojtaba jafari ² , lila hosseinjani ³ , seyedeh elham davari ⁴

1 - Department of Geography, Climatology, Urban Orientation, University of Tehran
2 - . Master of Rural Geography, Department of Sustainable Rural Development Management, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran
3 - PhD in water and meteorology, Zanjan Universi.iran
4 - PhD in geography and urban planning, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

Received: 2023-12-08 Accepted : 2024-01-07 Published : 2024-01-28

Keywords: Vulnerability, thermal island, urban density, Tehran, Varamin.,

Abstract :

Urban heat islands (UHI) reflect the amount of temperature difference observed between cities and their surrounding areas. The current research aims to identify the heat island phenomenon in two cities, Tehran with an industrial business background and Varamin, which is growing with an agricultural background. The aim is to identify the vulnerability of the society to the effects of the heat island and to try to adapt the society related to the heat island. The current research used a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods. Data analysis was done using SPSS, EXCEL, ENVI and ARCGIS software. The tool for collecting information is a structured questionnaire based on the LVI index and according to the characteristics of the study areas. The validity of the questionnaire was verified with the help of a panel of experts, and the reliability of the present questionnaire was confirmed using Kornbach's alpha method. The statistical data includes 99 heads of households in three districts in Tehran and two districts in Varamin. The results showed that Tehran is more vulnerable than Varamin. The first part of this research is dedicated to the investigation and identification of the urban heat island, which was investigated using the field temperature measurement data and satellite images. The results showed that urban heat accumulation exists in both cities, but Tehran is more intense. The thermal island in Tehran was quite clear compared to Varamin on clear and sunny days. On cloudy days, the temperature difference between the regions was small, and also on days with wind, Tehran had a higher night temperature than Varamin, which is related to the high density and greater extent of this city. The second part of this research is based on the LVI index to evaluate the vulnerability of the urban heat island. The average level of vulnerability in Varamin is due to the low level of community awareness of temperature changes and its effects, but there was a sign of adaptation, which is in the form of natural adaptation. Varamin also has a better situation than Tehran in terms of interaction and relations. Tehran is facing an increase in temperature as well as a low adaptation level, which is one of the reasons for urban density.

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