تأثیر ازوتوباکتر کرووکوکوم و سطوح مختلف کود نیتروژن بر خواص فیتوشیمیایی و عملکرد سرخارگل (Echinacea purpurea L. Moench)

Subject Areas : Journal of Ornamental Plants

سیده آمنه سجادی ¹ (گروه زراعت،واحد رشت،دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی،رشت،ایران)
زهرا اسپیدکار ² (گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد آستارا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، آستارا، ایران)
آوید رضوی ³ (گروه زراعت، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران)
شهرام مهری ⁴ (گروه کشاورزی، واحد پارس آبادمغان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، پارس آبادمغان، ایران)

Received: 2020-02-08 Accepted : 2020-09-09 Published : 2020-09-01

Keywords: کود بیولوژیک, نیتروژن, کودهای شیمیایی, گیاه زینتی, عملکرد بیولوژیکی,

Abstract :

به­منظور بررسی تأثیر کودهای بیولوژیک و شیمیایی بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی سرخارگل، یک آزمایش به­صورت زراعی در مزرعه تحقیقات پارس آباد اردبیل انجام شد. آزمایش به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل کود نیتروژن (N0 = 0، N1 = 75 و N2 = 150 کیلوگرم در هکتار از منبع اوره) و باکتری ازوتوباکتر (B1 = تلقیح با Azotobacter chroococcum سویه SW22 و B0 = عدم تلفیح) بود. صفات مورفولوژیکی مانند ارتفاع گیاه، تعداد شاخه‌های جانبی، وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی، وزن خشک و خشک ریشه، تعداد گل در گیاه و صفات فیزیولوژیک مانند فنل، نیتروژن (N) و غلظت فسفر (P) اندازه گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که تیمارها اثر معنی‌دار بر پارامترهای رشد داشتند. تلقیح با آزوتوباکتر + 75 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار در مقایسه با شاهد بیشترین وزن خشک شاخساره (42/40 درصد)، وزن خشک ریشه (02/60 درصد) و تعداد گل (68/65 درصد) را نشان داد. علاوه بر این، در گیاهان تیمار شده با ازوتوباکتر + 75 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار، غلظت فنل، N و P به ترتیب 11/25 درصد، 6/34 درصد و 8/39 درصد نسبت به شاهد افزایش دادند نتایج حاکی از آن است که استفاده از کودهای بیولوژیکی گزینه خوبی برای کاهش استفاده از کودهای شیمیایی و ابزاری مهم برای کمک به کشاورزی پایدار است.

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