معرفی بسترکشت مناسب جهت رشد بهینه گیاه زینتی کراسولا
Subject Areas : Journal of Ornamental Plants
حسین
کیانی
1
(گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
نازنین
خاکی پور
2
(گروه خاکشناسی، واحد سوادکوه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سوادکوه، ایران)
سپیده
کلاته جاری
3
(گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
سکینه
سعیدی سر
4
(گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
Keywords: کراسولا آتشین, پومیس, آنزیم SOD, زئولیت,
Abstract :
خصوصیات مواد مختلف مورد استفاده به عنوان بستر کاشت، آثار مستقیم و غیرمستقیم بر رشد و تولید محصول می‌گذارد و انتخاب بستر مناسب یکی از مهم‌ترین عوامل موثر در موفقیت تولید در کشت بدون خاک است. تحقیق حاضر با هدف بررسی اثر خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی بسترهای مختلف کشت بر رشد و نمو کراسولا انجام شد. به همین منظور بسترهای کشت آلی و معدنی مختلف از جمله شن، کوکوپیت، زغال چوب، پومیس، پیت‌ماس و زئولیت با نسبت‌های مختلف ترکیب شدند و مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. صفات ترکیبات فیتوشیمیایی (کلروفیل a، b و کل، کاروتنوئید، میزان فعالیت آنزیم‌های SOD و (MDA، وزن تر و خشک ریشه و اندام هوایی، جذب عناصر (نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم) در گیاه کراسولا آتشین ارزیابی شد. بر اساس نتایج پژوهش حاضر، بین بسترهای مختلف کشت از نظر ارتفاع گیاه، وزن تر و خشک، میزان جذب عناصر غذایی و فعالیت آنزیم‌ها اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود داشت. گیاهان کراسولا رشد یافته در بستر ١٠ (٣٥ سی‌سی پومیس ریز + ٥ سی‌سی کوکوپیت + ٥ سی‌سی پیت ماس + ٥ سی‌سی زغال) و بستر ١ (٣٥ سی‌سی شن ریز ٣-٥ میلی‌متر + ٥ سی‌سی کوکوپیت + ٥ سی‌سی زغال) نیز به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین مقادیر عددی صفات ذکر شده را نشان دادند. به نظر می‌رسد که به کارگیری ترکیباتی با خصوصیات پومیس و کوکوپیت و زئولیت‌ها از طریق جلوگیری از هدر رفتن عناصر غذایی و نگهداری یون‌های مغذی باعث افزایش کارایی کودها و بهبود جذب عناصر غذایی و حفظ رطوبت شده و در نهایت موجب افزایش و بهبود رشد گیاه شد.
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