کاربردسوپرجاذب و مالچ بر برخی صفات گل جعفری (Tagetes erecta) تحت تناوب آبیاری

Subject Areas : Journal of Ornamental Plants

حیدر العبیدی ¹ (دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد)
زهرا کریمیان ² (استادیار گروه گیاهان زینتی، پژوهشکده علوم گیاهی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد)
لیلا سمیعی ³ (استادیار گروه گیاهان زینتی، پژوهشکده علوم گیاهی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد)
علی تهرانی‌فر ⁴ (استاد گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد)

Received: 2018-05-16 Accepted : 2019-06-23 Published : 2019-09-01

Keywords: سوپرجاذب, دور آبیاری, گیاهان فصلی, مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک, مالچ درخت خرما,

Abstract :

کمبود آب مانعی مهم جهت توسعه و گسترش منظر شهری در مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک جهان است. این روزها مواد آلی و مصنوعی می­توانند بدون کاهش در کیفیت و کمیت منظر شهری با هدف کاهش در مصرف آب مورد استفاده قرار گیرند. به منظور مطالعه اثر برخی انواع مالچ بر کاهش دور آبیاری بر روی گیاه فصلی پرطرفدار گل جعفری در خاورمیانه آزمایشی در طی سال‌های 1395 تا 1396 در شهر مشهد انجام شد. در این آزمایش دو تیمار شامل نوع مالچ (خاک معمولی به عنوان شاهد، مالچ تنه درخت خرما، مالچ پلاستیک و سوپرجاذب) و دور آبیاری (3، 6 و 9 روز) اعمال شد. برخی صفات مورفولوژیکی، بیولوژیکی، فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی در این آزمایش مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. در اغلب صفات، دور آبیاری هر سه روز یکبار در مقایسه با دورهای 6 و 9 روز یکبار افزایش معنی­داری را نشان داد. اما در صفت ارتفاع گیاه، تعداد گل و نرخ فتوسنتز هیچ تفاوت معنی‌داری بین دورهای آبیاری 3 روز و 9 روز مشاهده نشد.  یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که سوپرجاذب و در مرتبه بعدی مالچ تنه درخت خرما با دور آبیاری هر 9 روز یکبار می‌توانند برای گل جعفری در شهرهای خشک و نیمه‌خشک پیشنهاد شوند.

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