مکان‌یابی کشت گیاه زینتی-دارویی زعفران براساس آنالیز AHP در محیط GIS در استان اردبیل

Subject Areas : Journal of Ornamental Plants

وحید اشرفی ¹ , بهرام میرشکاری ² , شهریار دشتی ³ , ابراهیم خلیلوند ⁴ , سلیم فرزانه ⁵

1 - Ph.D Student of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
2 - Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
3 - Department of Agronomy, Maraghe University, Maragheh, Iran
4 - Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
5 - Department of Agronomy, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran

Received: 2017-01-19 Accepted : 2017-04-22 Published : 2018-08-01

Keywords: سازگاری, تصمیم‌گیری, مکان‌یابی, آنالیز فضایی, چند مولفه‌ای,

Abstract :

تفاوت‌های مکانی از نظر کشاورزی و تولید گیاهان دارویی و زینتی، ضرورت انجام تحقیق را آشکار می‌سازد. در حقیقت بدون فهم اگروکلیما، هیچ ناحیه کشاورزی، اقتصادی نخواهد بود. زعفران گیاه زینتی و دارویی از تیره زنبقیان، چند ساله و ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ زﯾﺎد در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ هوا دارد. داده‌های عوامل  اقلیمی دوره آماری 1994 تا 2015 در 15 ایستگاه استان اردبیل از قبیل میانگین بارندگی، دماهای بیشینه، کمینه و میانگین دما، رطوبت نسبی، ساعات آفتابی، تبخیر و تعداد روزهای یخبندان و داده‌های عوامل اقلیمی از قبیل ارتفاع، شیب، جهت شیب، کاربری اراضی و pH خاک جمع‌آوری گردید. سپس نیاز اکولوژیکی مراحل فنولوژیکی زعفران مشخص شده و با استفاده از روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP) معیارهای اصلی، معیارهای فرعی و گزینه‌ها بر اساس ماتریسی محاسبه گردید. برای ارزش‌گذاری هریک از داده‌ها در محیط GIS قرار گرفت و با همپوشانی آنها نقشه نهایی پهنه‌بندی آگروکلیمایی کشت زعفران استان اردبیل تهیه شد. مطابق با معیارهای مورد ارزیابی، استان اردبیل به چهار منطقه تقسیم‌بندی شد: در حدود 8/19 درصد (355429 هکتار) دارای شرایط خیلی مناسب، 7/26 درصد (479291 هکتار) دارای شرایط مناسب، 3/29 درصد (52596 هکتار) دارای شرایط متوسط و 2/24 درصد (434414 هکتار) دارای شرایط نامناسب برای کاشت زعفران در استان اردبیل قرار دارند. همچنین مناطق شمالی استان اردبیل (دشت مغان) در مقایسه با سایر مناطق استان پتانسیل بالاتری برای کشت زعفران داشته و قابل توصیه می‌باشد.

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