Synthesis and characterization of Fe3O4 nanoparticles functionalized by a copper (II) tartrate complex and its application in the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives

Subject Areas : Journal of Nano Chemistry and Electrochemistry

Hoda Tawfiq Abdul Hossein Musa ¹ , Soheila Ghassamipour ^{2 *} , nima Karachi ³ , Masoomeh Emadi ⁴

1 - Isfahan (Khorasgan), Is.C., Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
2 -
3 - Department of Chemistry, Marv. C., Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran
4 - Department of Chemistry, Marv. C., Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran

Received: 2025-12-06 Accepted : 2025-12-06 Published : 2025-12-07

Keywords: Fe3O4 nanoparticles, copper tartrate complex, benzimidazole ,

Abstract :

The aim of this study is to investigate and evaluate Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles functionalized with a copper tartrate complex as a catalyst for the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives. The Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles functionalized with the copper tartrate complex were synthesized.  The physical and chemical properties, including particle shape and size, structure, surface characteristics, and catalytic activity, were investigated using infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results confirmed the spherical morphology of the catalyst, nanoscale particle size, magnetic properties, and presence of the desired elements in the synthesized catalyst. Next, the reaction conditions used in the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives using the synthesized catalyst were examined. The results showed that the catalyst plays a crucial role in activating the reaction materials and forming benzimidazole derivatives. Under the optimal conditions obtained in the study, various types of benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized with high yields. The magnetic nature of the catalyst, easy separation from the reaction mixture, and reusability are among the advantages of using this catalyst. Based on the results of this study, it was determined that the magnetic nanoparticle copper tartrate complex functionalized with Fe₃O₄ can be used as an economical, safe, and reusable catalyst in the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives.

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