Genetic diversity and population structure of the bacterial agent of potato soft rot in Iran

Subject Areas : Plant Microbiology

Javad Razmi ¹ , Heshmat Rahimian ² , Mohsen Mardi ³ , Hamid Reza Zamanizadeh ⁴

1 - Ph.D. student, Department of Plant Protection, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Mazandaran, Sari, Iran
3 - Associate professor, Department of Genomics, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
4 - Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Received: 2018-06-01 Accepted : 2018-07-01 Published : 2019-02-20

Keywords: Blackleg, Pectobacterium, Potato soft rot, Fingerprinting profiles,

Abstract :

Background & Objectives: Soft rot is one of the most important bacterial diseases of potato in Iran and the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the phenotypic and genotypic diversity of these agents in the main potato- growing regions in Iran.   Materials & Methods: Samples were collected from tubers that were suspected of soft rot disease during harvest. Phenotypic characteristics were assessed by conventional methods. Genetic diversity was determined using genomic fingerprinting techniques. Cluster analysis and population structure analysis were performed by the SplitsTree 4.11.3, Arlequin 3.11 and the STRUCTURE 2.3.4 software.   Results: The study showed a high level of diversity among isolates so that some of them showed phenotypic characteristics that differed from the isolates described in previous studies. Studied isolates were placed into two major groups of Pectobacterium wasabiae and Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum. Genomic fingerprinting profiles revealed that the isolates are genetically heterogeneous and classified into three genetic populations. 50.0% of the phenotypic group 1 isolate and 77.3% of the phenotypic group 2 isolates belonged to genetic population 1 and 3, respectively. No correlation was observed between genomic fingerprints, geographic areas, and potato cultivars,  but the genetic distances and the maximum and minimum gene flow were correlated with geographic distance.   Conclusion: According to the results of this study, seed trade may introduce soft rot disease to new territories in the neighboring provinces.

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