Future study Management: 4 (42)

Open Access Article

1 - Resource Allocation In Different Iranian Economy Sectors
Hossein Bastanzad

In the market for factors of production usually the equilibrium will be stablished on the based of the equality between the value of marginal products of output and their relative price level. On the other hand the value of marginal product of output is a function of ob More

In the market for factors of production usually the equilibrium will be stablished on the based of the equality between the value of marginal products of output and their relative price level. On the other hand the value of marginal product of output is a function of observed rate productivity of output and the market capacity of factors of production. Thus the fluctuation in the rate of productivity of output and the supply and availability of factors, of production can change the composition of demand for factors production and ultimately can effect the condition for market equilibrium in this paper the process of allocation of factors of production which is influenced by the above factors will be discussed in context to different sectors of Iranian economy using the mathematical approach. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Effects of Tariff Rate on the Net Exports of Different Economic Sectors in Iran
Oranus Parivar

The objective of this study is to provide a partial equilibrium analysis of the effects of tariff and exchange rate policy on the net exports with the particular emphasis on the selected economic sectors. The eight economic sectors in the model are agriculture; food, be More

The objective of this study is to provide a partial equilibrium analysis of the effects of tariff and exchange rate policy on the net exports with the particular emphasis on the selected economic sectors. The eight economic sectors in the model are agriculture; food, beverages and tobacco; textiles; wood; chemicals; construction; paper and miselaneous which contains metallic and non merallic products. The present study has three main steps. The first step shows the estimates of nominal tariff rates of eight economic sectors for 1371 and 1373. Comparing the different tariff rates, one can see from the estimates that the cost of imports in all sectors has substantially increased in spite of decreasing rate of tariff in 1372. In fact the reconstruction of tariff system was substantially affected by exchange rate regim in 1372. The second step indicates the model which captures the short run effects of tariff and exchange rate policies through the price system. Estimation of composite good function which takes the form of a CES function shows that interaction between import quotas and price distortions are significant in agriculture and food sectors. The third step presents the results of the simulation analysis. In the simulation, the model is calibrated using 1373 as the base year and the results are expressed in percentage changes from this base year. A decline in tariff rates increase the import of textile, wood and paper sectors more than the other sectors, The implementation of this policy however is complicated because it increases the volume of imports in all sectors and creats a net export problem. The policy that would conteract this problem is devaluation of the exchange rate. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Innovation in Organizations: Concept, Types, and Processes
Hamid Khodadad Hosseini

In recent years, many have organizations have attempted to motivate their employees to be innovative. Hence, the for understanding and administrating this concept is an important subject. In this paper, firstly, by explaining the important of innovation for the survival More

In recent years, many have organizations have attempted to motivate their employees to be innovative. Hence, the for understanding and administrating this concept is an important subject. In this paper, firstly, by explaining the important of innovation for the survival and organizations, it is tried to provide a clear meaning of the term and its relation with creativity and change. Secondly, different types of innovation are introduced and explained. Finally, by presenting different processes of innovation and their applications from a verity of perspectives, a general model for innovation process in organizations is suggested. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Evaluation of Privatization Impact on Privatyed Enterprises
Reza Shabahang R. Nazari

Since public sector enterprises poor performance become evident, privatization as a means of improving such enterprises performance and curbing government interference in business activities has attracted much attention at national policy making levels. privatization is More

Since public sector enterprises poor performance become evident, privatization as a means of improving such enterprises performance and curbing government interference in business activities has attracted much attention at national policy making levels. privatization is a complex and long term process the effect of which may appear over a long period of tome. There fore, considering it a limpid process and relying over- optimistically on it to achieve quick results may impact privatization adversely. In Iran, privatization as a policy was first addressed in the First 5 Year Economic – Social –Cultural Development Plan (1389-94), Two years later (June 1991), a program for transferal and disposal of economic activities to private sector was approved by the council of Ministers. S 35 of 1998 and 1999 Budget Bill has required disposal of State Owned Enterprises and curbing government interferences in economic activities. In an official announcement of I.R.I government, selling government enterprises to private sector for improving efficiency, curbing government interferences in economic activities, economic equilibrium and best usage of country’s resources was emphasized. The first government resolution in this respect demanded Nationalized Industries Organization, Industrial Development and Renovation Organization and Ministries to dispose/ sell 247 of their enterprises to private sector though Stock Exchange, auction and negotiation. Later government resolutions increased the number of such enterprise to 446. Due to Stock Exchange’s role and important in   the process of selling government controlled enterprises equity stock to private sector as well as availability of information and statistics of such enterprises (Tehran Stock Exchange Listed Companies), Stock Exchange Listed companies at the end of 1375 (20 the March 1996) were chosen for this study. This dissertation analyses the performance of disposed enterprises for post disposal period. This dissertation’s main and basic hypothesis is as follows which is subdivided to three sub-hypothesis. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - The Influence of Progressive Technology on Extended Enterprice in 21 Century
Mehdi Ghazanfari Ali Askari

Rapid technological change have brought about the necessary pre-conditions for enterprises to meet ever-increasing and varied consumer demand. In the next century we shall witness enormous change in the form and structure of all organizations and enter prices in respons More

Rapid technological change have brought about the necessary pre-conditions for enterprises to meet ever-increasing and varied consumer demand. In the next century we shall witness enormous change in the form and structure of all organizations and enter prices in response to the environment in which they have to operate. The move from point automation to computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) automation Islands will be in the final analysis in the realm of extended enterprises (EE). The diversification in consumers tastes will force enterprises away from the mass production processes which in turn will lead to formation of smaller production units and finally only those projects which reutilize “human skills” will be justifiable on economic grounds. Environmental considerations together with the need to commoditise from the initial stages of production to final consumption for the pose of wasle control and recycling are some of the important issues facing as in the next century. At the same time, market considerations, employment issue, proximity of production faculties to consumer markets in order to respond respond rapidly to the changes in the latter etc, will cause move capital displacement in the coming century.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - A Survey on the Disadvantages of Third World’s Administrative Systems and Proposing a Model for Transferring Administrative Concepts from other Countries
Hassan Givariyan

The main purpose of this article is analyzing the disadvantages of the third world’s Administrative Systems. The cause effects of these disadvantage and deficits are as underdevelopment aspects such as economical, industrial, etc. At first glance, the article anal More

The main purpose of this article is analyzing the disadvantages of the third world’s Administrative Systems. The cause effects of these disadvantage and deficits are as underdevelopment aspects such as economical, industrial, etc. At first glance, the article analysis the general characteristics of the third world Countries. Characteristics such as: Producer of Materials, explosion population, inappropriate Usages of Natural Resources, inadequacy of capital, dependency on international trade and declining change. The main Roots of the disadvantages, demones traded in this article. This article concludes that, Modeling in administrative area by Western Countries and international institutions, increases the dependency of the third world’s Countries on the Western Countries . In this aspect, the author, demonstrates his model on the Based of Value and Cultural Systems. Manuscript profile

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