The concept of appellate proceedings has received the attention of legislators since the beginning of legislation in Iran's civil procedure regulations, i.e. the Law of Principles of Legal Trials 1911. Considering the placement of this form of proceedings along with oth
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The concept of appellate proceedings has received the attention of legislators since the beginning of legislation in Iran's civil procedure regulations, i.e. the Law of Principles of Legal Trials 1911. Considering the placement of this form of proceedings along with other ways of revising the votes, it is necessary to explain its basis and content. The present research, using the descriptive-analytical method, shows that, from the point of view of jurisprudence, contrary to the view that it is not permissible to review rulings multiple times, considering the application of inferential evidence and also the possibility of a judge's error, even a judge. A comprehensive mujtahid of the conditions in issuing the verdict, the need to review the verdict is justified. It can also be said that in Iranian law, as in French and Egyptian law, the institution of appeal can be considered based on the recognition of the right to object to votes for individuals and the duty of monitoring the good implementation of laws in the courts. With regard to French and Egyptian law doctrines, which are similar to the legal standards of Iranian law, the appeal is not a formal proceeding based on formal and procedural laws, because the Supreme Court, in line with its supervision, must also comply with the substantive provisions in relation to He pays attention to the issued votes, but he does not compose a decision on the substance, just like substantive courts (primary and appeal courts). Another point is that the appeal can be applied in some cases as the second stage and in others as the third stage of the proceedings. While in the laws of France and Egypt, the appellate proceedings are placed in the third stage, without being considered as an example of the level of proceedings.
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