Investigating the Effect of Human Resource Information Systems on Employee Innovation Capacity with the Mediating Role of Human Resource Management Functions and Employee Creativity in Pharmaceutical Companies
Subject Areas : Health information management
Ali Amini
1
(MA degree of Management of Technology, Human Resource Expert, Padideh Shimi Jam Company, Kashan, Iran)
Keywords: Creativity, Human Resource Information Systems, Human Resource Management Functions, innovation,
Abstract :
Introduction: In this study, the effect of human resource information systems on employee innovation capacity with the mediating role of human resource management functions and employee creativity has been investigated. Human resource information systems are a set of tools that enable managers to achieve the goals of the organization by implementing the functions and tasks of human resource management and using the human resources of the organization and determine the extent to which the goals are achieved.Methods: This is a descriptive-causal study and its statistical population is all Iranian companies in the sixth Iran Pharma exhibition in 1400. In this study, by presenting a conceptual model and proposing related hypotheses in the study population, the opinions of 194 employees of pharmaceutical companies were examined and the data collected by Smart-PLS software were analyzed.Results: Based on the results of this study, human resource information systems had a positive (β=0.511) and significant (t=7.449) effect on the innovation capacity of employees in pharmaceutical companies. In addition, the variables of human resource management functions and employee creativity with an impact factor of 0.209 and 0.085, respectively, play a mediating role in the relationship between human resource information systems and employee innovation capacity.Conclusion: The results showed that the use of human resource information systems improves the innovation capacity of employees in these companies. In addition, the mediating role of human resource management functions and employee creativity in the relationship between the use of human resource information systems and staff innovation capacity was also confirmed.
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7- Becker GS. Human capital. The concise encyclopedia of economics, 2002; 2.
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9- Ngai EW, Law CC, Chan SC, Wat FK. Importance of the internet to human resource practitioners in Hong Kong. Personnel Review; 2008.
10- Mohanty M, Tripathy SK. HRIS in the Indian Scenario: A case study of a large organization. South Asian Journal of Management, 2009; 16(2): 127.
11- Lengnick-Hall ML, Moritz S. The impact of e-HR on the human resource management function. Journal of labor research, 2003; 24(3): 365.
12- Laval F, Diallo AT. L'e-RH: un processus de modernisation de la gestion des ressources humaines à la mairie de Paris. Management Avenir; 2007: 48- 124.
13- Bidan M. Systèmes d'information et développement durable: modèles théoriques et pratiques organisationnelles. Management Avenir; 2010(9): 6- 304.
14- Rangriz H, Mehrabi J, Azadegan A. The impact of human resource information system on strategic decisions in Iran. Comput. Inf. Sci, 2011; 4(2): 7- 81.
15- Reddick CG. Human resources information systems in Texas city governments: Scope and perception of its effectiveness. Public Personnel Management, 2009; 38(4): 19-34.
16- Hosnavi R, Ramezan M. Measuring the effectiveness of a human resource information system in National Iranian Oil Company: An empirical assessment. Education, Business and Society: Contemporary Middle Eastern Issues; 2010.
17- Oldham GR, Da Silva N. The impact of digital technology on the generation and implementation of creative ideas in the workplace. Computers in Human Behavior, 2015; 42: 5-11.
18- Chakraborty AR, Mansor NN. Adoption of human resource information system: A theoretical analysis. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2013; 75: 8- 473.
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22- Zafar H. Human resource information systems: Information security concerns for organizations. Human Resource Management Review, 2013; 23(1): 13- 105.
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24- Chandra RP. Role of HRIS in improving Modern HR operations. Advances in management; 2009.
25- Bhavsar A. A conceptual paper on human resource information system (HRIS). Golden Resrach Thoughts, 2011; 1(5): 1-4.
26- Zin RM, Talat NA. Can functional performances of HRM be improved with the adoption of IT?. The Cambridge Business Review, 2011; 18(1): 48-53.
27- Qutaishat FT, Khattab SA, Zaid MK, Al-Manasra EA. The effect of ERP successful implementation on employees' productivity, service quality and innovation: An empirical study in telecommunication sector in Jordan. International Journal of Business and Management, 2012; 7(19): 45.
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29- Iqbal A. Creativity and innovation in Saudi Arabia: An overview. Innovation, 2011; 13(3): 90- 376.
30- Börjesson S, Elmquist M, Hooge S. The challenges of innovation capability building: Learning from longitudinal studies of innovation efforts at Renault and Volvo Cars. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 2014; 31: 40-120.
31- Abbaspour A. Comparison of university human resource functions with strategic human resource management functions. Management Knowledge Quarterly, 2002; 58(0). [In Persian]
32- Hosseini A, Tabassami A, Dadfar Z. Investigating the effect of human resource management functions on organizational performance. Public Administration Perspective, 2018; 8(29): 155-171. [In Persian]
33- Chen CJ, Huang JW. Strategic human resource practices and innovation performance—The mediating role of knowledge management capacity. Journal of business research, 2009; 62(1): 14-104.
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35- Bal Y, Bozkurt S, Ertemsir E. The importance of using human resources information systems (HRIS) and a research on determining the success of HRIS. River Publishers, Aalborg; 2012.
36- Haji Mollamirzaei H, Arasto M, Hakimi Ahmadkhani A, Nowruzi Chegini E. Investigating the effect of the role of human resource information systems on talent management. The first conference on management and entrepreneurship in the conditions of resistance economy, Mashhad; 2015. [In Persian]
37- Albadvi A, Sarrafpour Habibi A. Information Technology and its Role in Human Resource Management. Conference on the role of information technology in employment, Tehran; 2001. [In Persian]
38- Sirmon DG, Hitt MA, Ireland RD, Gilbert BA. Resource orchestration to create competitive advantage: Breadth, depth, and life cycle effects. Journal of management, 2011; 37(5): 412-1390.
39- Arora A, Nandkumar A. Insecure advantage? Markets for technology and the value of resources for entrepreneurial ventures. Strategic Management Journal, 2012; 33(3): 51-231.
40- Zahra SA, Sapienza HJ, Davidsson P. Entrepreneurship and dynamic capabilities: A review, model and research agenda. Journal of Management studies, 2006; 43(4): 55-917.
41- Olszak CM, Bartuś T, Lorek P. A comprehensive framework of information system design to provide organizational creativity support. Information & Management, 2018; 55(1): 94-108.
42- Shneiderman B. Creativity support tools: Accelerating discovery and innovation. Communications of the ACM, 2007; 50(12): 20-32.
43- Nakakoji K. Meanings of tools, support, and uses for creative design processes. InInternational design research symposium, 2006; 6: 156-165.
44- Sayyed Naghavi M A, Pourbarkhordari A. Corporate Entrepreneurship Relationship With Human Resources Management Practice and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. NAJA Human Resources Quarterly, 2012; 3(28): 7-28. [In Persian]
45- Parker S. From passive to proactive motivation: The importance of flexible role orientations and role breadth self‐efficacy. Applied Psychology,2000; 49(3): 69-447.
46- Dorenbosch L, Engen ML, Verhagen M. On‐the‐job innovation: The impact of job design and human resource management through production ownership. Creativity and innovation management, 2005; 14(2): 41-129.
47- Jimenez-Jimenez D, Sanz-Valle R. Could HRM support organizational innovation?. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 2008; 19(7): 21-1208.
48- Lau CM, Ngo HY. The HR system, organizational culture, and product innovation. International business review, 2004; 13(6): 685-703.
49- Egan TM. Factors influencing individual creativity in the workplace: An examination of quantitative empirical research. Advances in developing human resources, 2005; 7(2): 81-160.
50- Mumford MD. Managing creative people: Strategies and tactics for innovation. Human resource management review, 2000; 10(3): 51-313.
51- Shipton H, West MA, Dawson J, Birdi K, Patterson M. HRM as a predictor of innovation. Human resource management journal, 2006; 16(1): 3-27.
52- Chen CJ, Huang JW. How organizational climate and structure affect knowledge management—The social interaction perspective. International journal of information management, 2007; 27(2): 18-104.
53- Ling TC, Nasurdin AM. Human resource management practices and organizational innovation: An empirical study in Malaysia. Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR), 2010; 26(4).
54- Jiang J, Wang S, Zhao S. Does HRM facilitate employee creativity and organizational innovation? A study of Chinese firms. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 2012; 23(19): 47-4025.
55- Hashemi S H, Ekradi E, Yousefi M. The Effect of Knowledge Management on Human Resource Management and Organizational Innovation. Q Knowledge Retrieval and Semantic Systems, 2016; 3(8): 1-20. [In Persian]
56- Damanpour F, Schneider M. Characteristics of innovation and innovation adoption in public organizations: Assessing the role of managers. Journal of public administration research and theory, 2009; 19(3): 495-522.
57- Mir M, Casadesús M, Petnji LH. The impact of standardized innovation management systems on innovation capability and business performance: An empirical study. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 2016; 41: 26-44.
58- Yesil S, Sozbilir F. An empirical investigation into the impact of personality on individual innovation behaviour in the workplace. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2013; 81: 51-540.
59- Kalyar MN. Creativity, self-leadership and individual innovation. The journal of commerce, 2011; 3(3): 20.
60- Reinhardt R, Gurtner S, Griffin A. Towards an adaptive framework of low-end innovation capability–A systematic review and multiple case study analysis. Long Range Planning, 2018; 51(5): 96-770.
61- Lewis T, Wright GA. How does Creativity Complement Today’s Currency of Innovation?. Journal of Strategic Innovation and Sustainability, 2012; 7(3): 9-15.
62- Coelho F, Augusto M, Lages LF. Contextual factors and the creativity of frontline employees: The mediating effects of role stress and intrinsic motivation. Journal of retailing, 2011; 87(1): 31-45.
63- Ernst H, Kahle HN, Dubiel A, Prabhu J, Subramaniam M. The antecedents and consequences of affordable value innovations for emerging markets. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 2015; 32(1): 65-79.
64- Gutiérrez R, Vernis A. Innovations to serve low-income citizens: When corporations leave their comfort zones. Long Range Planning, 2016; 49(3): 97-283.
65- Story VM, Boso N, Cadogan JW. The form of relationship between firm‐level product innovativeness and new product performance in developed and emerging markets. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 2015; 32(1): 45-64.
66- Parhizgar M, Aghajani Afroozi A. Advanced Research Methodology in Management with Applied Approach (Master of Management). Tehran, Payame Noor University; 2013. [In Persian]
67- Ruël H, Van der Kaap H. E-HRM usage and value creation. Does a facilitating context matter?. German Journal of Human Resource Management, 2012; 26(3): 81-260.
68- Wang P, Rode JC, Shi K, Luo Z, Chen W. A workgroup climate perspective on the relationships among transformational leadership, workgroup diversity, and employee creativity. Group & Organization Management, 2013; 38(3): 60-334.
69- Diamantopoulos A, Sarstedt M, Fuchs C, Wilczynski P, Kaiser S. Guidelines for choosing between multi-item and single-item scales for construct measurement: a predictive validity perspective. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 2012; 40(3): 49-434.
70- Davari A, Rezazadeh A. Structural Equation Modeling with PLS Software: Step-by-Step Tutorial for Smart PLS Software with Practical Examples. Tehran, University Jihad; 2013. [In Persian]
71- Nunnally JC. Psychometric theory 3E. Tata McGraw-hill education; 1994.
72- Nevitt J, Hancock GR. Performance of bootstrapping approaches to model test statistics and parameter standard error estimation in structural equation modeling. Structural equation modeling, 2001; 8(3): 77-353.
73- Henseler J, Ringle CM, Sarstedt M. A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 2015; 43(1): 35-115.
74- Tenenhaus M, Amato S, Esposito Vinzi V. A global goodness-of-fit index for PLS structural equation modelling. InProceedings of the XLII SIS scientific meeting, 2004; 1(2): 739-742).
75- Wetzels M, Odekerken-Schröder G, Van Oppen C. Using PLS path modeling for assessing hierarchical construct models: Guidelines and empirical illustration. MIS quarterly; 2009: 95-177.
_||_1- Shahhosseini A, Kavousi I, Chavoshbashi F. Innovation and Entrepreneurship. Tehran, Ayeezh; 2017. [In Persian]
2- Taheriattar Gh, Rostamlou R. Investigating the Impact of Human Resources Management Functions on Creativity, Product Innovation and Process Innovation (Case Study: Knowledge-Based Companies Based in Science and Technology Park of University of Tehran). Innovation Management, 2018; 7 (2): 47-68. [In Persian]
3- Sharifi Kousha M, Tabibi S J, Nazary Manesh L. The Impact of Human Resource Capabilities on Innovation in Health Care of Private Hospital. Healthcare Management Research, 2018; 9(2): 69-76. [In Persian]
4- Moussa NB, El Arbi R. The impact of Human Resources Information Systems on individual innovation capability in Tunisian companies: The moderating role of affective commitment. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 2020; 26(1): 18-25.
5- Shao Z, Feng Y, Liu L. The mediating effect of organizational culture and knowledge sharing on transformational leadership and Enterprise Resource Planning systems success: An empirical study in China. Computers in Human Behavior, 2012;28(6): 2400-13.
6- Nordhaug O. Human capital in organizations: Competence, training, and learning. Oslo: Scandinavian university press; 1993.
7- Becker GS. Human capital. The concise encyclopedia of economics, 2002; 2.
8- Schneider L, Günther J, Brandenburg B. Innovation and skills from a sectoral perspective: a linked employer–employee analysis. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 2010; 19(2): 185-202.
9- Ngai EW, Law CC, Chan SC, Wat FK. Importance of the internet to human resource practitioners in Hong Kong. Personnel Review; 2008.
10- Mohanty M, Tripathy SK. HRIS in the Indian Scenario: A case study of a large organization. South Asian Journal of Management, 2009; 16(2): 127.
11- Lengnick-Hall ML, Moritz S. The impact of e-HR on the human resource management function. Journal of labor research, 2003; 24(3): 365.
12- Laval F, Diallo AT. L'e-RH: un processus de modernisation de la gestion des ressources humaines à la mairie de Paris. Management Avenir; 2007: 48- 124.
13- Bidan M. Systèmes d'information et développement durable: modèles théoriques et pratiques organisationnelles. Management Avenir; 2010(9): 6- 304.
14- Rangriz H, Mehrabi J, Azadegan A. The impact of human resource information system on strategic decisions in Iran. Comput. Inf. Sci, 2011; 4(2): 7- 81.
15- Reddick CG. Human resources information systems in Texas city governments: Scope and perception of its effectiveness. Public Personnel Management, 2009; 38(4): 19-34.
16- Hosnavi R, Ramezan M. Measuring the effectiveness of a human resource information system in National Iranian Oil Company: An empirical assessment. Education, Business and Society: Contemporary Middle Eastern Issues; 2010.
17- Oldham GR, Da Silva N. The impact of digital technology on the generation and implementation of creative ideas in the workplace. Computers in Human Behavior, 2015; 42: 5-11.
18- Chakraborty AR, Mansor NN. Adoption of human resource information system: A theoretical analysis. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2013; 75: 8- 473.
19- Hussain Z, Wallace J, Cornelius NE. The use and impact of human resource information systems on human resource management professionals. information & Management, 2007; 44(1): 74-89.
20- Keshtegar A, Shukuhy J. Explain the relationship between human resource information systems and the effectiveness of human resource management. Public Management Research, 2015; 8(29): 131-152. [In Persian]
21- Boateng A. The role of human resource information systems (HRIS) in strategic human resource management (SHRM). Master of Science Theses, Accounting Swedish School of Economics and Business Administration, Palovartijantie; 2007.
22- Zafar H. Human resource information systems: Information security concerns for organizations. Human Resource Management Review, 2013; 23(1): 13- 105.
23- Mahdavi M, Ashoori J. Assessment of Performance, Communicative, and Transformational Effects Of Human Resource Information Systems in Iranian Public Organizations. Research in Human Resources Management, 2014; 6(2): 141-162. [In Persian]
24- Chandra RP. Role of HRIS in improving Modern HR operations. Advances in management; 2009.
25- Bhavsar A. A conceptual paper on human resource information system (HRIS). Golden Resrach Thoughts, 2011; 1(5): 1-4.
26- Zin RM, Talat NA. Can functional performances of HRM be improved with the adoption of IT?. The Cambridge Business Review, 2011; 18(1): 48-53.
27- Qutaishat FT, Khattab SA, Zaid MK, Al-Manasra EA. The effect of ERP successful implementation on employees' productivity, service quality and innovation: An empirical study in telecommunication sector in Jordan. International Journal of Business and Management, 2012; 7(19): 45.
28- Ghorbanizadeh V, Montazer R, Seyed Naghavi M, Hosseinpour D. A Comparative Study of Innovation Modes and HR Configurations in Knowledge-Based Firms in Science and Technology Parks. Innovation Management, 2015; 4(3): 1-22. [In Persian]
29- Iqbal A. Creativity and innovation in Saudi Arabia: An overview. Innovation, 2011; 13(3): 90- 376.
30- Börjesson S, Elmquist M, Hooge S. The challenges of innovation capability building: Learning from longitudinal studies of innovation efforts at Renault and Volvo Cars. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 2014; 31: 40-120.
31- Abbaspour A. Comparison of university human resource functions with strategic human resource management functions. Management Knowledge Quarterly, 2002; 58(0). [In Persian]
32- Hosseini A, Tabassami A, Dadfar Z. Investigating the effect of human resource management functions on organizational performance. Public Administration Perspective, 2018; 8(29): 155-171. [In Persian]
33- Chen CJ, Huang JW. Strategic human resource practices and innovation performance—The mediating role of knowledge management capacity. Journal of business research, 2009; 62(1): 14-104.
34- Gordon S, Tarafdar M, Cook R, Maksimoski R, Rogowitz B. Improving the front end of innovation with information technology. Research-Technology Management, 2008; 51(3): 8-50.
35- Bal Y, Bozkurt S, Ertemsir E. The importance of using human resources information systems (HRIS) and a research on determining the success of HRIS. River Publishers, Aalborg; 2012.
36- Haji Mollamirzaei H, Arasto M, Hakimi Ahmadkhani A, Nowruzi Chegini E. Investigating the effect of the role of human resource information systems on talent management. The first conference on management and entrepreneurship in the conditions of resistance economy, Mashhad; 2015. [In Persian]
37- Albadvi A, Sarrafpour Habibi A. Information Technology and its Role in Human Resource Management. Conference on the role of information technology in employment, Tehran; 2001. [In Persian]
38- Sirmon DG, Hitt MA, Ireland RD, Gilbert BA. Resource orchestration to create competitive advantage: Breadth, depth, and life cycle effects. Journal of management, 2011; 37(5): 412-1390.
39- Arora A, Nandkumar A. Insecure advantage? Markets for technology and the value of resources for entrepreneurial ventures. Strategic Management Journal, 2012; 33(3): 51-231.
40- Zahra SA, Sapienza HJ, Davidsson P. Entrepreneurship and dynamic capabilities: A review, model and research agenda. Journal of Management studies, 2006; 43(4): 55-917.
41- Olszak CM, Bartuś T, Lorek P. A comprehensive framework of information system design to provide organizational creativity support. Information & Management, 2018; 55(1): 94-108.
42- Shneiderman B. Creativity support tools: Accelerating discovery and innovation. Communications of the ACM, 2007; 50(12): 20-32.
43- Nakakoji K. Meanings of tools, support, and uses for creative design processes. InInternational design research symposium, 2006; 6: 156-165.
44- Sayyed Naghavi M A, Pourbarkhordari A. Corporate Entrepreneurship Relationship With Human Resources Management Practice and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. NAJA Human Resources Quarterly, 2012; 3(28): 7-28. [In Persian]
45- Parker S. From passive to proactive motivation: The importance of flexible role orientations and role breadth self‐efficacy. Applied Psychology,2000; 49(3): 69-447.
46- Dorenbosch L, Engen ML, Verhagen M. On‐the‐job innovation: The impact of job design and human resource management through production ownership. Creativity and innovation management, 2005; 14(2): 41-129.
47- Jimenez-Jimenez D, Sanz-Valle R. Could HRM support organizational innovation?. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 2008; 19(7): 21-1208.
48- Lau CM, Ngo HY. The HR system, organizational culture, and product innovation. International business review, 2004; 13(6): 685-703.
49- Egan TM. Factors influencing individual creativity in the workplace: An examination of quantitative empirical research. Advances in developing human resources, 2005; 7(2): 81-160.
50- Mumford MD. Managing creative people: Strategies and tactics for innovation. Human resource management review, 2000; 10(3): 51-313.
51- Shipton H, West MA, Dawson J, Birdi K, Patterson M. HRM as a predictor of innovation. Human resource management journal, 2006; 16(1): 3-27.
52- Chen CJ, Huang JW. How organizational climate and structure affect knowledge management—The social interaction perspective. International journal of information management, 2007; 27(2): 18-104.
53- Ling TC, Nasurdin AM. Human resource management practices and organizational innovation: An empirical study in Malaysia. Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR), 2010; 26(4).
54- Jiang J, Wang S, Zhao S. Does HRM facilitate employee creativity and organizational innovation? A study of Chinese firms. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 2012; 23(19): 47-4025.
55- Hashemi S H, Ekradi E, Yousefi M. The Effect of Knowledge Management on Human Resource Management and Organizational Innovation. Q Knowledge Retrieval and Semantic Systems, 2016; 3(8): 1-20. [In Persian]
56- Damanpour F, Schneider M. Characteristics of innovation and innovation adoption in public organizations: Assessing the role of managers. Journal of public administration research and theory, 2009; 19(3): 495-522.
57- Mir M, Casadesús M, Petnji LH. The impact of standardized innovation management systems on innovation capability and business performance: An empirical study. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 2016; 41: 26-44.
58- Yesil S, Sozbilir F. An empirical investigation into the impact of personality on individual innovation behaviour in the workplace. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2013; 81: 51-540.
59- Kalyar MN. Creativity, self-leadership and individual innovation. The journal of commerce, 2011; 3(3): 20.
60- Reinhardt R, Gurtner S, Griffin A. Towards an adaptive framework of low-end innovation capability–A systematic review and multiple case study analysis. Long Range Planning, 2018; 51(5): 96-770.
61- Lewis T, Wright GA. How does Creativity Complement Today’s Currency of Innovation?. Journal of Strategic Innovation and Sustainability, 2012; 7(3): 9-15.
62- Coelho F, Augusto M, Lages LF. Contextual factors and the creativity of frontline employees: The mediating effects of role stress and intrinsic motivation. Journal of retailing, 2011; 87(1): 31-45.
63- Ernst H, Kahle HN, Dubiel A, Prabhu J, Subramaniam M. The antecedents and consequences of affordable value innovations for emerging markets. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 2015; 32(1): 65-79.
64- Gutiérrez R, Vernis A. Innovations to serve low-income citizens: When corporations leave their comfort zones. Long Range Planning, 2016; 49(3): 97-283.
65- Story VM, Boso N, Cadogan JW. The form of relationship between firm‐level product innovativeness and new product performance in developed and emerging markets. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 2015; 32(1): 45-64.
66- Parhizgar M, Aghajani Afroozi A. Advanced Research Methodology in Management with Applied Approach (Master of Management). Tehran, Payame Noor University; 2013. [In Persian]
67- Ruël H, Van der Kaap H. E-HRM usage and value creation. Does a facilitating context matter?. German Journal of Human Resource Management, 2012; 26(3): 81-260.
68- Wang P, Rode JC, Shi K, Luo Z, Chen W. A workgroup climate perspective on the relationships among transformational leadership, workgroup diversity, and employee creativity. Group & Organization Management, 2013; 38(3): 60-334.
69- Diamantopoulos A, Sarstedt M, Fuchs C, Wilczynski P, Kaiser S. Guidelines for choosing between multi-item and single-item scales for construct measurement: a predictive validity perspective. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 2012; 40(3): 49-434.
70- Davari A, Rezazadeh A. Structural Equation Modeling with PLS Software: Step-by-Step Tutorial for Smart PLS Software with Practical Examples. Tehran, University Jihad; 2013. [In Persian]
71- Nunnally JC. Psychometric theory 3E. Tata McGraw-hill education; 1994.
72- Nevitt J, Hancock GR. Performance of bootstrapping approaches to model test statistics and parameter standard error estimation in structural equation modeling. Structural equation modeling, 2001; 8(3): 77-353.
73- Henseler J, Ringle CM, Sarstedt M. A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 2015; 43(1): 35-115.
74- Tenenhaus M, Amato S, Esposito Vinzi V. A global goodness-of-fit index for PLS structural equation modelling. InProceedings of the XLII SIS scientific meeting, 2004; 1(2): 739-742).
75- Wetzels M, Odekerken-Schröder G, Van Oppen C. Using PLS path modeling for assessing hierarchical construct models: Guidelines and empirical illustration. MIS quarterly; 2009: 95-177.