Causes of inefficiency and development of parties in Iran during the first Pahlavi period (Case study : the Social Democratic Party (Egtemaeeyoun Ameeyoun) from 1905-1911)

Subject Areas : Journal of History (Tarikh)

somaieh emadi rastegar ¹ , sina forozesh ² , Gholamhossein Zargarinejad ³

1 - Ph.D. student, Islamic History of Iran, Science and Research Branch,, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - department if history, science and research branch,islamic azad university, tehran,iran
3 - Professor of history, Faculty of Humanities, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Received: 2020-03-01 Accepted : 2020-11-01 Published : 2021-02-19

Keywords: Inefficiency, Streamology, Democratic Party, Maram Nameh,

Abstract :

The Democratic Party with the name "Amoun Socialist Sect" entered the country's political scene in the years when the Iranian society was passing through the stormy path of the constitutional revolution from the second parliament of the National Council and became the first and most important political party of the organization with the influence of the European party systems.This party was considered the main symbol of the radical (revolutionary) current, with 28 members in the second parliament and having a clear mission statement and with a program including the complete separation of the political power from the clerical power, the establishment of a compulsory system, compulsory education and the distribution of property among subjects. He worked against the moderate party, which was mainly composed of nobles and clerics. The main issue of this article is why the Democratic Party, which had a more advanced and progressive organization than other parties, could not implement its plans and finally became an ineffective party?The basic finding of the current research is that the factors of inefficiency and non-continuity of the Democratic Party depend on two categories of internal and external factors, among which are the tendency towards imported ideology, the weakness of civil society, autocratic political socialization, not matching with cultural and political issues. and social, Islamization and threats of terror, dependence on foreign governments, disbelief in the position and function of parties, economic attitude and how to reform, and differences of opinion and multiple views.