Fumigant toxicity of Satureja hortensis (Lamiaceae) essential oil on different life stages of Tribolium confusum and Plodia interpunctella
Subject Areas :
Keywords: Essential Oil, bioassay, plodia interpunctella, Satureja hortensis, Tribolium confusum,
Abstract :
In this study fumigant toxicity of summer savoury (Satureja hortensis L.) essential oil was investigated on different biological stages as eggs, larvae, pupae and adults of confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum (Jacquelin du Val) and Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hubner). Essential oil of summer savoury was extracted with hydrodistillation method by Cleavenger-type apparatus. Bioassays were tested on 1-7-day old adults, 2-4 day old pupae, 12-14 day old larvae and 1-3 day old eggs at 25±1 ˚C and 60±5% relative humidity in four replications with 24 hours exposure time. The LC50 values for eggs, larvae, pupae and adults of T. confusum and P. interpunctella were 18, 27, 66, 83 and 12, 22, 28 and 43 µl/l respectively. In addition, increase of essential oil concentration, increased amounts of unhatched eggs and mortality of larvae, pupae and adults. The most susceptible and most resistant growth stages in both species were egg and adult respectively. P. interpunctella was more susceptible than T. confusum. Based on the results of this study essential oil of summer savory could be used as a safe compound in designing and production of new insecticides for integrated management of these pests.
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