Inhalation toxicity of Thuja orientalis essence on different life stages of Callosobruchus maculatus (Col.: Bruchidae)
Subject Areas :
Keywords: Essential Oil, bioassay, Inhalation toxicity, Callosobruchus maculatus, Thuja orientalis,
Abstract :
Due to a high toxicity of the plant extracts on stored product pests and their low toxicity on homoiothermique animals, they might be appropriate alternatives for conventional chemicals. In the present research, inhalation toxicity of Thuja orientalis extract is evaluated against the eggs, larvae and adults of Callosobruchus maculatus. The essential oil of fresh leaves of T. orientalis was extracted using distillation method using a Clevenger apparatus. Toxicity of concentrations ranging 5.7-60 µl/l air were assayed in 4 replications on 1-3-day old adults, 1-7-day old larvae and 1-day old eggs of C. maculatus at 25±1°C, and 70±5% RH. Results showed that the extracts could be introduced as an alternative for chemicals tentatively. Moreover, our experiments revealed that the mortality rate increases considerably in higher concentrations and longer exposure periods. Additionally, different life stages of C. maculatus showed different susceptibilities to the extract since the adults were more susceptible in comparison with eggs and larvae to the extract. The estimated LC50 values in 24h exposure period were 12.05 ± 0.65, 39.19 ± 1.35 and 22.60 ± 0.91 µl/l air for adults, larvae and eggs, respectively.
Adugna H. 2006. On-farm storages studies in Eritrea. African Journal of Biotechnology 5(17): 1537-1544.
Ajayi FA, Lale NES. 2001. Susceptibility of unprotected seeds and seeds of local Bambara groundnut cultivars protected with insecticidal essential oils to infestation by Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Bruchidae). Journal of Stored Product Research 37: 47 - 62.
Ajayi FA, Olonisakin A. 2011. Bio-activity of three essential oils extracted from edible seeds on the rust-red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst.) infesting stored pearl millet. Trakia Journal of Sciences 9(1): 28-36.
Anonymous. 2003. Basic facts and data on the science and politics of ozone protection. http://www.unep. Org/ozone/pdf/Press-Backgrounder.pdf [Accessed on 7 September 2011]
Arnason JT, Philogene BJR, Morand P. 1989. Insecticides of Plant Origin. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC.
Bakkali F, Averbeck S, Averbeck D, Idaomar M. 2008. Biological effects of essential oils- a review. Food and Chemical Toxicology 46, 446-475.
Dunkel, FV, Sears LJ. 1998. Fumigant properties of physical preparations from Artemisia tridentata for stored grain insect. Journal of Stored Products Research 34:307-321.
Emekci M. 2010. Quo Vadis the fumigants. Proceedings of the 10th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection. 27 June-2July 2010, Portugal, Lisbon. pp: 303-313.
Hosseinzadeh A, Shayesteh N. 2012. Effect of two beam gamma and beam electron on different life stages of Plodia interpunctella (Hubner), Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Oryzaephilus surinamensis L. Ph.D. Thesis on Agricultural Entomology, University of Urmia, 287 pp.
Isman MB. 2006. Botanical insecticides, deterrents and repellents in modern agriculture and in an increasingly regulated world. Annual Review of Entomology 5:45-66.
Keita SM, Vincent C, Schmit, J, Ramaswamy S, Belanger A. 2000. Effect of various essential oils on Callosobruchus maculatus (F) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Journal of Stored Products Research 36: 355-364.
Kim M, Park C, Ohh M, Cho H, Ahn Y. 2003. Contact and fumigant activities of aromatic plant extracts and essential oils against Lasioderma serricorne (Coleoptera: Anobiidae). Journal of Stored Product Research 37(3): 127-132.
MarimuthuS, Gurusubramaniam G, Krishna S. 1997. Effect of exposure of eggs to vapor from essential oils on egg mortality development and adult emergence in Earias vittella (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 14: 303-307.
Mirkazemi F, Bandani A, Sabahi G. 2009. Fumigant toxicity of essential oils from five pharmaceutical plants on adults of Callosobruchus maculatus (F). and Tribolium castaneum (Herbest). Scientific Journal of Agriculture 32(2): 37-39.
Modarres S. 2002. Damage assessment of stored product pests of wheat and barley in Systan Region, Iran. Proceeding of the 15th Iranian Plant Protection Congress (Volume1- Pests), 6-10 September 2002, Kermanshah, Iran. P.144.
Ogunwolu EO, Odunlami AT. 1996. Suppression of seed bruchid Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) development and damage on cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) with Zanthozylum zanthoxyloides (Lam.) (Rutaceae) root bark powder when compared to neem seed powder and pirimiphos methyl. Crop Protection 15(7): 603–607.
Papachristos DP, Stamopoulos DC. 2002. Toxicity of vapors of three essential oils to the immature stage of Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Journal of Stored Products Research 38: 365-373.
Raja M, John William S, Jayakumar M. 2007. Repellent activity of plant extract against pluse beetle Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) (Coleopteran: Bruchidae). Hexapoda 14(2): 142-145.
Rajendran S, Sriranjini V. 2008. Plant products as fumigants for stored product insect control. Journal of Stored Products Research 44:126-135.
Regnault-Roger C, Hamraoui A. 1995. Fumigant toxic activity and reproductive inhibition induced by monoterpenes on Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) (Coleoptera), a bruchid of kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Journal of stored Product Research 31: 291-299.
Rice PJ, Coats JR. 1994. Insecticidal properties of several monoterpenoids to the house fly (Diptera: Muscidae), red flour beetle (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), and Southern corn rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 87: 1172-1179.
Rozman V,Kalinovic I, Korunic Z. 2007. Toxicity of naturally occurring compounds of Lamiaceae and Lauraceae to three stored products insects. Journal of Stored Product Research 43: 349-355.
Sahaf BZ, Moharramipour S, Meshkatalsadat MH. 2007. Chemical constituents and fumigant toxicity of essential oil from various origins on Callosobruchus phaseoli (Gyllenhal) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Journal of Stored Products Research 35: 285-295.
Shakarami J, Pourhosseini L, Vafaee R, Goldasteh Sh. 2008. Ovicidial effect of essential oils from three plants Anethum graveolens L., M. piperita, L. Mentha aquatica L. against Callosobruchus maculatus. Journal of Entomological Research 3(1): 221-228.
Tapondjou LA, Adler C, Bouda H, Fontem DA. 2002. Efficacy of powder and essential oil from Chenopodium ambrosioides leaves as post-harvest grain protectants against six stored product beetles. Journal of Stored Products Research 38: 395-402.
Tripathi AK, Prajapati V, Aggarwal KK, Khanuja SPS, Kumar S. 2000. Repellency and toxicity of oil from Artemisia annua to certain stored product beetles. Journal of Economic Entomology 93: 43-47.
Tripathi AK, Prajapati V, Verma N, Bahl JL, Bansle RP, Khanuja SP. 2002. Bioactivities of the leaf essential oil of Curcuma longa on three species of stored product beetle (Coleoptera). Journal of Economic Entomology 95(1): 183–189.
van Someren Graver JE. 2004. Guide to Fumigation under Gas-Proof Sheets. Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
White ND, Leesch JG. 1995. Chemical control. Integrated Management of Insects in Stored Products. 287-330 pp.