Study of Seasonal Changes in Chlorophyll a Concentration in the Water of Chahnimeh Reservoirs in Sistan
Subject Areas :
natural resorces
Narjes Okati
1
,
Fatemeh eynollahi
2
,
Mostasa Ghafari
3
1 - Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran *(Corresponding Author)
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Fisheries Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
Received: 2012-02-09
Accepted : 2012-09-23
Published : 2019-03-21
Keywords:
Chlorophyll a,
Oligotrophic,
Chahnimeh,
Sistan,
Abstract :
Abstract Background and Objective: Chlorophyll a is the main pigment of photosynthesis in water ecosystems. Measuring Chlorophyll a can indicate its biomass which is the real visible indicator for trophic level in water ecosystems. The objective of this study was to study the seasonal changes in chlorophyll a concentration in the water of Chahnimeh reservoirs in Sistan. Method: The samples were collected from water of Chahnimeh reservoirs during four seasons, from March to October 2010. EC and pH of the samples were measured at the time of collecting the samples. In order to measure chlorophyll a, the samples were extracted and the absorption rate of the extract in different wavelengths was measured by a spectrophotometer model Unico 2100/visible/Uv visible according to standard method ASTM 8012. Then, concentration of chlorophyll a was calculated using the standard equation. Findings: The range of mean pH and EC were obtained as 8.72-8.87 and 540-579 (μs/cm) respectively in the studied stations. The highest seasonal mean of chlorophyll a was obtained in summer in Chahnimeh 3 (2.17± 0.32 μg/L) and the lowest seasonal means of chlorophyll a were obtained in winter n in Chahnimeh 1 and 2 (0.82± 0.28 μg/L). The results of ANOVA test showed the statistical differences between the mean of chlorophyll a concentration in spring and summer seasons and the mean of chlorophyll a concentrations in winter and autumn (p<0.05). Discussion and Conclusion: According to the Chlorophyll a concentration obtained and its comparison with EPA standard, it can be concluded that Chahnimeh reservoirs can not be classified in eutrophic lake groups of and they are oligotrophic reservoirs.
References:
Reference
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Tsuchiya, Y., and Matsumoto, A. (1988). Identification of volatile metabolites produced by Blue-Green algae, Journal of Water Science and Technology, 20: 149-155.
Wetzel, G.R. (2001). Limnology: Lake and river ecosystem, third edition.
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Reference
Deputy Director General for Strategic Planning and Control, Office of the Technical Executive. 2010. Water quality monitoring repository for reservoirs behind dams, A number: 330. (In Persian)
Ward, T., Butler, E., and Hill, B. (1998). Environmental indicators for national state of the environment reporting – Estuaries and the sea. Australia: State of the Environment (Environmental Indicator Reports). 81 pp. Department of the Environment; Canberra. Website: http://www.environment.gov.au/soe/publications/indicators/pubs/estuaries.pdf
Steel, J.H. (1962). Environmental control of photosynthesis in the sea. Limnology and Oceanography, 7:137–150.
Cullen, J.J. (1982). The deep chlorophyll maximum Comparing vertical profiles of chlorophyll a. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science; 39: 791–803.
Vanselow, K.H. (1998). In Vivo - Algen als Biosensoren. In: Biotechnologie - Verlagsbeilage zur Frankfurter Allgemeinen Zeitung vom 13.10. Nr. 237, S. B5.
Shapoori, M., Javanshir, A. (2009). The study of Chlorophyll a ana biomass in mouth of Tajan River. Journal of Marin Biology, 1(3):78-88. (In Persian)
Al-Hashmi, K.A.., Claereboudt, M.R., Al-Azri, A.R., Piontovki, S.A.(2010). Seasonal changes of chlorophyll a and environmental characteristics in the Sea of Oman. Ihe open oceanography journal, 4: 107-114.
Gharehmohammadloo, M., Tahmasbi, A., Mohammadi, M. (2008). Investigating of the chemical quality of water in the Chahnimeh in Zabol with emphasis on natural factors. Third Conference on Water Resources Management. (In Persian)
ASTM. (1998). D 4132. Practice for Sampling Phytoplankton with Conical Tow Nets. Conshohocken USA.
American Public Health Association (APHA). (1989). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater٬ 17th edn., American Public Health Association. Washington DC. 5–10.
Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran, (2010). Drinking Water Physical and Chemical Properties, Revision 5. (In Persian)
Environmental Protection Agency. (1996). EPA-670/4-73-001. p. 14.
Esmaili Sari, A. (2003).Pollutants, Health and Environmental Standards. Tehran Mehr Publication. 769. (In Persian)
WHO (world health organization). (1998). Guide lines for drinking water quality. 2 nd . ED. Vol 1.
Rantajarvi, E., Gran, V., Hallfors, S., Olsonen, R. (1998). Effects of environmental factors on the phytoplankton community in the Gulf of Finland-unattended high frequency measurements and multivariate analysis. Hydrobiology. 363: 127-139.
Tsuchiya, Y., and Matsumoto, A. (1988). Identification of volatile metabolites produced by Blue-Green algae, Journal of Water Science and Technology, 20: 149-155.
Wetzel, G.R. (2001). Limnology: Lake and river ecosystem, third edition.
Erfanmanesh, M., Afyuni, M. (2003). Environmental pollution water, soil and air. Arkan publisher. 330. (In Persian)
Masoudi, s., Tajrishi, M., Mosavi, R., Abrishamchi, A. (2005). Detection and measurement of flavor and odor composition in water reservoirs. First National Civil Engineering Congress, Sharif University of Technology. (In Persian)
OECD. (1982). Eutrophication of waters; monitoring، assessment and control. OECD Paris، Tech. Report F 52/11.50: 153.
14. Iqbal, S.A., Haque, E., Iqbal, M.D. (2005). Water Quality Assessment of Surma River in Sylhet City .Journal of Chemical EngineeringVol.Ch E 23.
16. King, L., Jones, R.I., and Barker, P. (2002). Seasonal variation in the epilithic algal communities from four lake of different trophic state.Arc. Hydrobiol. 154(2): 177- 198.
18. Lewandowska, A.M. (2011). Effect of warming on the phytoplankton succession and trophic interactions. Dissertation in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree " Dr. rer. Net." Of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science at Kiel University. p 19.
