Biological and Regression Analyses of 2,4-D Leaching
Subject Areas : Agriculture and EnvironmentMohammad Hosein Jamshidi 1 , Hamid Salehian 2 * , esmaeil Babanezhad 3 , Mohammad Rezvani 4
1 - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nour Branch, Islamic Azad University, Nour, Iran.
2 - Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran. *(Corresponding Authors)
3 - Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran.
4 - Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran.
Keywords: bioassay, canonical correlation analysis, herbicide leaching.,
Abstract :
Background & Objective: Leaching of herbicides not only reduces their efficiency, but also increases soil and groundwater pollution. 2,4-D is a herbicide that can pollute soil and deep water. This experiment was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of organic matter and soil texture on the permeability of 2,4-D herbicide through biological and canonical correlation analysis.
Material and Methodology: In this experiment in 2018 in order to analyze and rely on organic matter and soil texture effects on the 2,4-D leaching, Bioassay and Canonical Correlation Analysis techniques were used. Experimental factors were soil organic matter (control, 2.5 and 5 weight percent of sheep short dung), soil texture (control, silty loam and loam soil) and herbicide dose (1.5 and 3 L ha-1). After supplying treatments, polyvinyl chloride pipes benefited for soil retention then herbicide inoculated with distilled water on the soil column. After three days all each 2-cm rings of column soil were exposed to bioassay test.
Findings: According to seedling wet weight of cucumber (test plant) in the most amount of dung fertilizer treatment, herbicide leaching front estimated till six cm depth. Whereas this horizon measured 10 cm for the control soil. In sandy soil too, wet weight loss was measured until 12 cm soil depth. In other words, with decreasing organic matter and increasing soil porosity, 2,4-D penetration raised as 6 cm depth.
Discussion and conclusion: Dung fertilizer and heavy soil lead to herbicide immobility and 2,4-D application is not suitable in the young gardens with shallow roots.
Background & Objective: Leaching of herbicides not only reduces their efficiency, but also increases soil and groundwater pollution. 2,4-D is a herbicide that can pollute soil and deep water. This experiment was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of organic matter and soil texture on the permeability of 2,4-D herbicide through biological and canonical correlation analysis.
Material and Methodology: In this experiment in 2018 in order to analyze and rely on organic matter and soil texture effects on the 2,4-D leaching, Bioassay and Canonical Correlation Analysis techniques were used. Experimental factors were soil organic matter (control, 2.5 and 5 weight percent of sheep short dung), soil texture (control, silty loam and loam soil) and herbicide dose (1.5 and 3 L ha-1). After supplying treatments, polyvinyl chloride pipes benefited for soil retention then herbicide inoculated with distilled water on the soil column. After three days all each 2-cm rings of column soil were exposed to bioassay test.
Findings: According to seedling wet weight of cucumber (test plant) in the most amount of dung fertilizer treatment, herbicide leaching front estimated till six cm depth. Whereas this horizon measured 10 cm for the control soil. In sandy soil too, wet weight loss was measured until 12 cm soil depth. In other words, with decreasing organic matter and increasing soil porosity, 2,4-D penetration raised as 6 cm depth.
Discussion and conclusion: Dung fertilizer and heavy soil lead to herbicide immobility and 2,4-D application is not suitable in the young gardens with shallow roots.
Background & Objective: Leaching of herbicides not only reduces their efficiency, but also increases soil and groundwater pollution. 2,4-D is a herbicide that can pollute soil and deep water. This experiment was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of organic matter and soil texture on the permeability of 2,4-D herbicide through biological and canonical correlation analysis.
Material and Methodology: In this experiment in 2018 in order to analyze and rely on organic matter and soil texture effects on the 2,4-D leaching, Bioassay and Canonical Correlation Analysis techniques were used. Experimental factors were soil organic matter (control, 2.5 and 5 weight percent of sheep short dung), soil texture (control, silty loam and loam soil) and herbicide dose (1.5 and 3 L ha-1). After supplying treatments, polyvinyl chloride pipes benefited for soil retention then herbicide inoculated with distilled water on the soil column. After three days all each 2-cm rings of column soil were exposed to bioassay test.
Findings: According to seedling wet weight of cucumber (test plant) in the most amount of dung fertilizer treatment, herbicide leaching front estimated till six cm depth. Whereas this horizon measured 10 cm for the control soil. In sandy soil too, wet weight loss was measured until 12 cm soil depth. In other words, with decreasing organic matter and increasing soil porosity, 2,4-D penetration raised as 6 cm depth.
Discussion and conclusion: Dung fertilizer and heavy soil lead to herbicide immobility and 2,4-D application is not suitable in the young gardens with shallow roots.
Background & Objective: Leaching of herbicides not only reduces their efficiency, but also increases soil and groundwater pollution. 2,4-D is a herbicide that can pollute soil and deep water. This experiment was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of organic matter and soil texture on the permeability of 2,4-D herbicide through biological and canonical correlation analysis.
Material and Methodology: In this experiment in 2018 in order to analyze and rely on organic matter and soil texture effects on the 2,4-D leaching, Bioassay and Canonical Correlation Analysis techniques were used. Experimental factors were soil organic matter (control, 2.5 and 5 weight percent of sheep short dung), soil texture (control, silty loam and loam soil) and herbicide dose (1.5 and 3 L ha-1). After supplying treatments, polyvinyl chloride pipes benefited for soil retention then herbicide inoculated with distilled water on the soil column. After three days all each 2-cm rings of column soil were exposed to bioassay test.
Findings: According to seedling wet weight of cucumber (test plant) in the most amount of dung fertilizer treatment, herbicide leaching front estimated till six cm depth. Whereas this horizon measured 10 cm for the control soil. In sandy soil too, wet weight loss was measured until 12 cm soil depth. In other words, with decreasing organic matter and increasing soil porosity, 2,4-D penetration raised as 6 cm depth.
Discussion and conclusion: Dung fertilizer and heavy soil lead to herbicide immobility and 2,4-D application is not suitable in the young gardens with shallow roots.
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