Quantity and quality evaluation of the Cellulose Nanocrystalline Production from Date Palms (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) by Hydrolysis Method
Subject Areas : wasteAli khaziri 1 , Hassan Zaki Dizaji 2 , Mohammad Reza Fathi Emadabadi 3
1 - M.Sc. graduated, Biosystems Engineering Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 - Associate Professor, Biosystems Engineering Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. *(Corresponding Author)
3 - Associate Professor, Chemistry Dept., Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
Keywords: Date leaves, Shadeghan, Cellulose, Nanocrystal, waste management.,
Abstract :
Background and Objective: Cellulose in the wastes and losses of the agricultural branch can be a good source to produce cellulose-based valuable materials in the industry. Cellulose and nanocrystalline cellulose are extracted and produced by various processes from different natural sources. The subject of this study was to investigate the conditions of acid hydrolysis on the structure of cellulose nanocrystals produced from palm waste. Material and Methodology: In this research, cellulose was first extracted from Date palm leaves, and it was then converted to the cellulose nanocrystal by acid hydrolysis of the nanocrystal cellulose. In this research, the effect of 3 temperature parameters (at 30, 45 and 60 ° C) and 3 time (at 45, 60 and 120 minutes on three levels) on the quality and quantity of nanocrystals from palm tree leaves were investigated. Several experiments with infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and particle size measurement (PSA) techniques were used to analyze qualitative and quantitative qualities such as factor groups, morphology, diameter distribution and shape Nanocrystals have been studied. Findings: The results showed that more severe treatments produce smaller Nano-crystals. The results of the Particle Measurement (PSA) showed that most extractive particles have dimensions ranging from 5 to 100 nanometers and are mostly 30 nm. Also, the results (XRD) showed that extractive nanocellulose had a purity of between 70 and 80 percent. In this study, the time of 60 minutes and 60 Celsius temperatures were identified as the best factors among similar factors. In this treatment, 50% of particles have a mean diameter of 1.37 nm. The maximum and minimum diameter of the observed particles was 6.34 and 0.41 nm, respectively. Also, the results of cellulose extraction from palm leaf showed that increasing the temperature in the lignification and coloring step increases the purity of the extracellular cellulose. In addition, the increase in temperature resulted in a decrease in the amount of cellulose produced, possibly due to the increased effect of chemical treatments and cellulose degradation. Discussion and conclusion: The results showed that if the extracted cellulose nanocrystals were transformed into a network, they had the potential to be used in nano filters and nano-scaffolds.
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