Analysis of Organophosphorus Pesticide Diazinon Residue in Water Samples of Abbas Abad River, Hamedan, Iran

Subject Areas : Environmental pollutions (water, soil and air)

Sahar Orfi Yeganeh ¹ , Soheil Sobhanardakani ² , Saeed Jamehbozorgi ³

1 - M.Sc., Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
2 - Professor, Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran*(Corresponding Author)
3 - Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran

Received: 2015-03-01 Accepted : 2015-10-20 Published : 2021-06-22

Keywords: Hamedan, Spectrophotometry, Water pollution, Abbas Abad River, Diazinon Pesticide,

Abstract :

Background and Objective: Increasing population growth and the need to develop agricultural products have increased the use of pesticides and thus the pollution of water resources as one of the environmental problems. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the residual concentration of diazinon pesticide in the water of Abbasabad River in Hamedan in 2014.Method: Water samples were collected from four stations along the Abbas Abad River. In the laboratory, after sample preparation, diazinon residues were determined using a spectrophotometric method. All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS software.Findings: The maximum mean concentration of diazinon residues (µg/L) in samples of spring and summer seasons were 97.0 ± 10.2 and 202 ± 13.7, respectively. Also, the mean contents of pesticide residues in the water samples in both seasons were higher than the maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) established by WHO and EPA.Discussion and Conclusion: Due to exceeding the average residual concentration of pesticides in the evaluated water samples, it is necessary to pay attention to issues such as training gardeners in order to use pesticides correctly and in principle. Also, measures should be considered in order to use the water of this river for drinking or farming cold-water fish. 

References:

1. Sobhanardakani, S., Heydari, A., Khorasani, N.A., Arjmandi, R., Ehteshami, M. (2009). Preparation of new biofungicides using antagonistic bacteria and mineral compounds for controlling cotton seedling damping-off disease. Journal of Plant Protection Research, 49(1), 49-55.


2. Sobhan Ardakani, S., Heydari, A., Khorasani, N., Arjmandi, R. (2010). Development of new bioformulations of Pseudomonas fluorescens and evaluation of these products against damping-off of cotton seedlings. Journal of Plant Pathology, 92(1), 83-88.


3. Sobhanardakani, S. (2015). Residual levels of diazinon and benomyl on greenhouse mushrooms. Iranian Journal of Toxicology, 9(29), 1307-1311.


4. Shayeghi, M., Khoobdel, M., Vatandoost, H. (2007). Determination of organophosphorus insecticides (malathion and diazinon) residue in the drinking water. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 10(17), 2900-2904.


5. Khodadadi, M., Samadi, M., Rahmani, A., Maleki, R., Allahresani, A,. Shahidi, R. (2010). Determination of organophosphorous and carbamat  pesticides residue in drinking water resources of Hamadan in 2007. Iranaian Journal of Health and Environment, 2(4), 250-257. (In Persian)


6. Sobhanardakani, S., Sadri, S., Jameh Bozorgi, S. (2014). Evaluation of organophosphorus pesticide diazinon residue in greenhouse crops using spectrophotometry (case study: mushroom). Journal of Food Hygiene, 3(4), 73-80. (In Persian)


7. Sobhanardakani, S., Jamalipour, P. (2017). Determination of some organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticide residues in water of Gargar River. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 19, 223-236. (In Persian)


8. Khara, H., Salar Amoli, J., Mazloumi, H., Nezami, Sh., Zolfinezhad, K ., Khodaparast, S.H., Hasan, J., Akbarzadeh, A., Mohammadi, S., Gholipour, S., Ahmadinezhad, M., Ahmadinezhad, T., Gholipour, Z., Taghizadeh, M. (2008). Survey and seasonal measurement of pesticide (hinosan, machete and diazinon) in water of Oshmak River (east of Guilan). Journal of Biology Science, 2(14), 29-43. (In Persian)


9. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2009). Pesticide Program. Residue Monitoring. U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Washington, D.C. Available at: http://www.FDA/Pesticide. Annual Report of  Pesticide.


10. Cengiz, M.F., Certel, M., Gocmen, H. (2006). Residue contents of DDVP (Dichlorvos) and Diazinon applied on cucumbers grown in greenhouses and their reduction by duration of a pre-harvest interval and post-harvest culinary applications. Food Chemistry, 98(1), 127-135.

11. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2004). Interim Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Diazinon, US Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Pesticide Programs. Washington, D.C.

1. World Health Organization (WHO). (1998). Diazinon, Environmental Health Criteria, United Nations Environment Programme. International Labour Organization.


2. Yousofi-Falakdehy, A., Golparvar, Gh., Safdel, H., Nashaei A.A. (2012). Studying pollution of Zilakyrood River in Guilan province, Iran. Iranian Water Researches Journal, 6(10): 197-202. (In Persian)


3. Azizullah, A., Khattak, M.N.K., Richter, P., Hader, D.P. (2011). Water pollution in Pakistan and its impact on public health, A review. Environment International, 37(2), 479-497.


4. Shayeghi, M., Khoobdel, M., Bagheri, F., Abtahi, M. (2008). The residues of azinphosmethyl and diazinon in Garaso and Gorganrood rivers in Golestan Province. Journal of School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, 6(1): 75-82. (In Persian)


5. Palma, G., Sanchsz, A., Olave, Y., Encina, F., Palma, R., Barra, R. (2004). Pestisides levels in surface waters in an agricultural-forestry basin in Southern Chile. Chemosphere, 57(8), 763-770.

17.   Nafee, M., Hashemi, M., Ghaderi, F., Reyahi-Khoram M. (2011). Evaluation of water quality changes of Abbasabad River in city of Hamadan. National Conference on Health, Environment and Sustainable Development, 8 P. (In Persian)

1. Tayebi, L., Sobhanardakani, S. (2012). Monitoring of water quality parameters of Gamasiab River and affecting factors on these parameters. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 53, 37-48. (In Persian)


2. Sharma, N., Prakash, A. (2008). Determination of persistent pesticide residues in ground water of Agra Region using solid phase extraction and gas chromatography. Asian Journal of Water, Environment Pollution, 5(1), 91-94.


3. Abedi-Koupai, J., Nasri, Z., Talebi, Kh., Mamanpoush, A., Mousavi. S.F. (2011). Investigation of Zayandehrud water pollution by diazinon and its assimilative capacity. Journal of Water and Soil Science, 15(56) :1-20. (In Persian)


4. Castilho, J.A., Fenzl, N., Guillen, S.M., Nascimento, F.S. (2000). Organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticide residues in the Atoya river basin, Chinandega, Nicaragua. Environmental Pollution, 110(3), 523-533.

22.   Konstantinou, I.K., Hela, D.G., Albanis, T.A. (2006). The status of pesticide pollution in surface waters (rivers and lakes) of Greece. Part I. Review on occurrence and levels. Environmental Pollution, 141(3), 555-570.

1. Chowdhury, A.Z., Islam, M.N., Moniruzzaman, M., Gan, S.H., Alam, M.K. (2013). Organochlorine insecticide residues are found in surface, irrigated water samples from several districts in Bangladesh. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 90(2), 149-154.


2. Rahmanikhah, Z., Esmaeili Sari, A., Bahramifar, N., Shokri Bousjien, Z. (2011). Organophosphorous pesticide residues in surface and ground water in the southern coast watershed of Caspian Sea, Iran. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 7(2), 253-259.


3. Shayeghi, M., Darabi, H., Abtahi Hossaini, M., Sadeghi, M., Pakbaz, F., Golestane, S.R. (2007). Assessment of persistence and residue of diazinon and Malathion in three rivers (Mond, Shahpour and Dalaky) of Bushehr Province 2004-2005. Iranian South Medical Journal, 10(1), 54-60. (In Persian)


4. Dehghani, R., Shayeghi, M., Esalmi, H., Moosavi, S.G., Rabani, D.K., Hossein Shahi, D. (2011). Determination of organophosphorus pesticides (diazinon and chlorpyrifos) in agricultural water resources in Barzok of Kashan in 2011.  Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 14(10), 66-72. (In Persian)


5. Arjmandi, R., Tavakol, M., Shayeghi, M. (2010). Determination of diazinon insecticide residues in rice paddies water in Amol by thin layer chromatography technique. International Journal of Environmental Science Technology, 7(1), 175-182.