Reducing Nitrogen Fertilizers with Chlorophyll Meter for Determining Health Production

Subject Areas : Environmental pollutions (water, soil and air)

jafar shahabi ¹ , Mohammadmehdi Tehrani ²

1 - Assistant Professo of Qazvin Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, (AREEO), Qazvin, Iran. *(Corresponding Author)
2 - Assistant Professor of Research, Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, (AREEO), Karaj. Iran.

Received: 2017-03-12 Accepted : 2017-06-10 Published : 2020-09-22

Keywords: wheat, Environment, Pollution, Nitrate, chlorophyll meter,

Abstract :

Background and Objective: Excessive use of nitrogen pollutes water, soil and plant resources. One of the appropriate solutions in determining the correct and timely amount of nitrogen fertilizer is the use of chlorophyll meter. The purpose of this study is to reduce the use of nitrogen fertilizers and prevent nitrate leaching and its entry into groundwater sources. Method: Using chlorophyll assay in leaves, an experiment using 6 treatments of nitrogen fertilizer including: 50, 150, 100, 200, 250 and 300 kg per hectare of urea source in a randomized complete block design with three replications, two locations and It ran for a year. At the stem stage, the chlorophyll in the leaves of the wheat flag was read using a chlorophyll meter. Considering the number 45 as a reference, the amounts of nitrogen road fertilizer at the stem stage were calculated and, if necessary, provided to experimental plots. Findings: With the recommendation of nitrogen fertilizer road using chlorophyll meter, nitrate concentration in soil and plants was reduced. In this study, the nitrogen fertilizer road recommendation was saved so that in the application treatments of 250 and 300 kg / ha nitrogen fertilizer was 25 and 21%, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: By using chlorophyll meter in recommending nitrogen fertilizer road in wheat, significant savings can be achieved in consumption. This will produce a healthy crop with less nitrate and prevent nitrate from entering groundwater.

References:

1. Samavat, S; 2002. Evaluation of corn nutritional requirement using leaf chlorophyll content. Final Report No. 1120, Soil and Water Research Institute, Tehran. Iran. (In Persian).


2. Rostami, M; 2013. Increasing the efficiency of nitrogen consumption through the scientific application of chlorophyll meter. National Conference on Soil, Sustainable Agriculture, Malayer, Malayer University. http://www.civilica.com/Paper-NCSSA01-NCSSA01_115.html (In Persian).


3. Samawat, S; Malakouti, M J; 2005. Using chlorophyll meter to determine nitrogen fertilizer during crop growth. Technical Journal No. 459. Senate Publications. (In Persian).


4. Barzegar, F., 2014. Optimization of nitrogen consumption in plants. Horticultural Science Blog. http://tavare.blogfa.com/post/32. (In Persian).


5. Kuchki, A; Nasiri Mahallati, M; Salehi, M; 2003. Nitrogen and leaf chlorophyll content as an indicator of drought stress in wheat. Iranian Journal of Crop Research. 199-204. (In Persian).


6. Mirzavand, J; Samavat, S; 2003. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on chlorophyll content and chemical composition of Marvdasht wheat. 8th Iranian Soil Science Congress. Rasht. Iran. (In Persian).


7. Schadchina, TM., Dmitriva., VV., 1995. Leaf chlorophyll content as a possible diagnostic mean for the evaluation of plant nitrogen uptake from the soil. Journal of Plant Nutrition.Vol. 18(7), pp. 1427-1437.


8. Minar, J., Vichercova, M., Zehnalek, J., 1989. Influence of nitrogen foliar nutrition of chlorophyll and mineral element contents in maize plant cultivated under lower nitrogen conditions. Scripta facultaties Scientiarum Naturalium University Purkynia nae Brunenci. Vol. 19 (1-2), pp. 37-48.


9. Piekielek, WP., Fox, RH., 1992. Use of chlorophyll meter to predict Sidedress nitrogen reguirements for maize. Agronomy Journal, Vol. 84 (1), pp. 59-65.


10. Follett, RH., Follett, RF., Halvorson, AD., 1992. Use of chlorophyll meter to evaluate nitrogen status of dryland winter wheat. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, Vol. 23, pp. 687-718.


11. Wood, CW., Reeves, D.W., Duffield, E., 1992. Field chlorophyll measurements for evaluation of corn nitrogen ststus. Journal of Plant Nutrition, Vol. 15, (4), pp. 487-500.


12. Fox, RH., Piekielek, WP., Macnel, KM., 1994.Ushng a chlorophyll meter to predict nitrogen fertilizer needs of winter wheat. Communication in soil science akd plant analy sis. Vol. 25, (3-4), pp. 171-181.


13. Ercoli, L., Mariotti, M., 1993. Relationship between nitrogen and chlorophyll content and spectral properties in maize leaves. European Journal of Agronomy, Vol. 2, pp.113-117.


14. Schepers, JS., Francis., 1992. Comparison of corn leaf nitrogen concentration and chlorophyll meter reading. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, Vol. 23 (17-20), pp. 2173- 2180.


15. Fox, RH ., Piekielek, WP., Macnel, KM., 1994.Ushng a chlorophyll meter to predict nitrogen fertilizer needs of winter wheat. Communication in soil science akd plant analy sis, Vol. 25, (3-4), pp. 171-181.


16. Smeal, D., Zhang, H., 1994. Chlorophyll meter evaluation of nitrogen management in corn. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, Vol. 25, pp. 9-15.