Anatomical studies of leaf, stem, rhizome and pollens in Polygonatum (Asparagaceae) in Iran
Subject Areas : Developmental biology of plants and animals , development and differentiation in microorganisms
Keywords: palynology, Polygonatum, Stem, rhizome,
Abstract :
Polygonatum belongs to Asparagaceae with having 60 species in worldwide that distribution in temperate of north hemispherical, especially in the Hymalaia, Japan, China, India, Korea, Afghanistan, Nepal, Pakistan, Iran, Syria, east-north of America and Europea that 3 occur in Iran. These species as such as: P. orientale, P. sewerzowii and P. glaberrinum. Polygonatum growth in the forests of Prolific and dense. These researches have been in the next of taxonomy studies as such as anatomical leaf, stem and rhizome and pollen micromorphology. The aim of this studies is survey identification between of species in the base of anatomical features of leaf, stem and rhizome and micrograph electron microscopy features pollen. the result indicate that feature of anatomy and palynology can be using for identification between species.
[1] مبین،صادق. 1364.رستنیهای ایران.تهران.دانشگاه تهران، 1، صفحه 197.
[2] Chase, M.W., De Bruijn, A.Y., Cox, A.V., Reeves, C., Rudall, P.J., Johnson, M.A.T.,Eguiarte, L.E., 2000. Phylogenetics of Asphodelaceae (Asparagales): an analysis of plastidrbcLandtrnL-FDNA sequences. Ann. Bot. 86, 935–951.
[3] Chase, M.W., Stevenson, D.W., Wilkin, P., Rudall, P.J., 1995b. Monocot systematics: a combined analysis. In: Rudall, P.J., Cribb, P.J., Cutler, D.F., Humphries, C.J. (Eds.),Monocotyledons: Systematics and Evolution. Royal Botanic Garden, Kew, pp.685–730.
[4] Chase, M.W.; Reveal, J.L. & Fay, M.F. (2009), "A subfamilial classification for the expanded asparagalean families Amaryllidaceae, Asparagaceae and Xanthorrhoeaceae", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161 (2): 132–136.
[5] Chen B.X et al(2013) Pollen morphology and ontogeny ofMaianthemumbifolium(L.) Plant SystEvol 299:123–129.
[6] 6- Chen XQ, Tamura MN (2000) Polygonatum Mill. Flora of China, vol 24: 223–232.
[7] Dahlgren, R.M.T., Clifford, H.T., Yeo, P.F., 1985. The Families of the Monocotyledons. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. pp. 520.
[8] Davis P. H. (1984)Polygonatun Miller.Flora of turkey. Vol. 8:68,81-84.
[9] Deng XY, Zhou SD, He XJ (2007) Pollen morphology of 13 Chinese species of Polygonatum and its systematic significations. Wuhan Botanical Research 25(1):11–18.
[10]Furness CA, Rudall PJ (2000b) Aperture absence in pollen ofmonocotyledons. In: Harley MM, Morton CM, Blackmore S(eds) Pollen and spores: morphology and biology. RoyalBotanical Gardens, Kew.
[11]Jinhua L., Shoubiao Z., Chunjing W., Benqi Y., (2005) Comparative anatomy of the leaves in {\slPolygonatum} from Anhui Province. Acta Botanica Yunnanica, 27(5):509-516.
[12]Jin-Hua L., Shou-Biao Z.,Wang Y, Chang-Cheng T., (2007).Leaf comparative anatomy of Polygonatumcyrtonemafrom five populations.Guihaia27 (6):826-831.
[13]13- Kim D.K 2012 The Phylogenetic Relationships of Asparagales in Korea Based onFive Plastid DNA Regions J. Plant Biol. 55:325-341.
[14]Lopes, R .C., 2012 Pollen morphology andwall structure of Neotropical species of Herreria and Clara (Asparagaceae-Agavoideae) and its taxonomic implications Plant SystEvol 299:25–34.
[15]Melchior, H. 1964. A. Engler's Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien, 12th edition, Volume 2. Angiospermen. Borntraeger, Berlin.
[16]Miller P. 1754. The Gardeners Dictionary, ed. 1. 1731. See Druce, G. Claridge. The abridgement of Gardener's Dictionary of 1754. Bot. Exch. Club & Soc. Brit. Isles Rept. 3: 426-436.
[17]Ozler h., 2007Comparisonof Pollen Morphological Structuresof some Taxa BelongingtoAsparagusl. And Fritillaria L. (Liliaceae) from Turkey Bangladesh J. Bot. 36(2): 111-120.
[18]Öztürk D. Koyuncu O. et al 2014Comparative anatomical studies on twelveOrnithogalum (Asparagaceae) species (elevennonendemic, one endemic) belonging to subgen.Ornithogalum and subgen. Beryllis, growing naturally in Eskişehir (Central Anatolia-Turkey) Journal of Scientific Research and Reviews Vol. 3(3), pp. 040 – 049.
[19]Parsa A. (1950) Flore de ɭIran Vol.5,Ministere de leducation:museumdhistoirenatureile de Teheran Pp.:371-372.
[20]Penet L, Nadot S, Ressayre A, Forchioni A, Dreyer L, Gouyon PH(2005) Multiple developmental pathways leading to a single morph: monosulcate pollen (Examples from the Asparagales).Ann Bot.Press, London. 95:331–343.
[21]21- Raycheva T. 2013: Comparative Anatomical Studyof Five Speciesof Genus Asparagusin BulgariaTrakia Journal of Sciences, No 2, pp 104-109.
[22]Rechinger, K. H.) 1990): Liliaceae.FloraIranica. Akad.Druck-u.Verlagsanstalt,Graz V 165: 3,175-182.
[23]Rudall, P.J., Conran, J.G., Chase, M.W., 2000. Systematics of Ruscaceae (formerly Convallariaceaesensulato): a combined morphological and molecular investigation. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 134, 73–92.
[24]Tamura MN. 1993. Biosystematic studies on the genusPolygonatum (Liliaceae) III. Morphology of staminafilaments and karyology of eleven Eurasian species.BotanischeJahrbücherfürSystematik, 115:1–26.
[25]Tekin M. (2013) Morphological and anatomical investigations on endemic Hyacinthellaacutiloba in Turkey Research article/Araştırmamakalesi 6/1 161-168.
[26]Yu-Ping L.,KatsukoK.,Tsuneo N., (1993) Pharmacognostical Studies on the Polygonatum Plants (Part III): On the Anatomical Characteristics of the Polygonatum Rhizomes from China [in Japanese]. The Japanese journal of pharmacognosy, 47(2): 144-155.
[27]Zweigelt F. 1913. VergleichendeAnatomie der Asparagoideae, Ophiopogonoideae, Aletroideae, Luzuriagoideae und SmilacoideaenebstBemerkungenirber die BeziehungenOphiopogonoideae und Dracaenoideae. Denkschtiflaus der AkudtmiC dc.
[28]Nawaz T. hameed M. et al 2012. Comparative Anatomyof Rootand Stemof Some Nativeand Exotic Asparagus L. Species Pak. J. Bot., Special Issue March. 44: 153-158.
_||_