Evaluation of Species Diversity and Population Indices of Weeds in Chickpea Fields under Dry-land of Kermanshah Province
Subject Areas :
Journal of Crop Ecophysiology
Iraj Nosrati
1
,
Adel Dabbagh Mohammadi Nasab
2
,
Rouhollah Amini
3
,
Mohammad Reza Shakiba
4
1 - Former MSc.Student of Weed Science
2 - Professor of Plant Ecophysiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
3 - Associate Professor of Plant Ecophysiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University if Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
4 - Professor of Plant Ecophysiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
Received: 2016-05-18
Accepted : 2017-04-24
Published : 2017-05-22
Keywords:
Uniformity,
frequency,
Abundance Index,
Family Importance Values,
Winter Chickpea.,
Abstract :
Weed identification is considered the most fundamental task in weed management. It would be possible to decide on specific methods of weed control through availability of weed information in a particular location, otherwise applying different methods of control will not show satisfactory effects. To evaluate the species diversity and population indices of weeds in dry-land winter chickpea fields at four counties of Kermanshah province, 30 fields were investigated in 2015. The sampling was done based on W method at twenty points in each field. All weed species in each quadrate were identified and counted on the basis of genus and species. The indices of density, frequency, uniformity, abundance index, and relative diversity for each species were calculated and 44 weed species belonging to 22 different families were identified: 18% of families belonged to Asteraceae, 13% to Fabaceae, 11% to Brassicaceae, and 9% to Poaceae of all the weeds identified 89 percent of belonged to dicotyledons and 11 percent to monocotyledon. The broad leaf weeds of winter dry-land chickpea of Ravansar county based on dominance were common chicory (Cichorium intybus), european bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis), cow cockle (Vaccaria pyramidata) and stichy willie (Galium tricornatum), respectively. In Kermanshah county the european bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis), common chicory (Cichorium intybus), stichy willie (Galium tricornatum) and yellow goatsbeard (Tragopogon major), were the dominant weeds, respectively. Also, at Dalahoo county the common chicory (Cichorium intybus), stichy willie (Galium tricornatum), cow cockle (Vaccaria pyramidata) and wild licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra), were dominant weeds, respectively. In west Islamabad county the dominance was related to common chicory (Cichorium intybus), European bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis), wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis) and yellow goatsbeard (Tragopogon major), respectively.
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Ahmadi, A., and K. Mousavi. 2008. Identify flora and determine the revalence of weed species on farms peas city of Khorramabad. The Final Report Approved Projects Lorestan University. 2: 25-36. (In Persian).
Ahmadi, A., M.H. Rashed Mohasel, H.R. Khazaii, A. Ghanbari, R. Ghorbani, and S.K. Mousavi. 2013. Study the flora of weeds lentils city of Khorramabad. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research. 11: 45-53. (In Persian).
Alimoradi, L., G. Azizi, L. Tabrizi, and M. Nassiri Mahallati. 2008. Investigation of weed community diversity in barely and alfalfa in Iran. National Weed Science Congress. 2: 460-467. (In Persian).
Anonymous, 2015. Agricultural statistics. 2014-2015 crop year. Agricultural Jahad Organization of Kermanshah. 18: 158-166.
Arun Kumar, S., B. Malay, S. Biswanath, and V. Arunachalam. 2007. Weed floristic composition in palm gardens in plains of Eastern Himalayan region if West Bengal.Current Science. 92: 10-25.
Chale Chale, Y., M. Minbashi, and A.H. Shiranirad. 2014. Weed mapping in chickpea fields and agricultural lands predict their presence in Kermanshah province using the system (GIS). Journal of Weed Ecology. 2: 95-111. (In Persian).
Haghparast, R., and N. Moradi. 2013. The importance of peas production and trade. According to the National Council of Peas. 1: 5-8. (In Persian).
Jafarzadeh, N., and M. Minbashi. 2014. Community structure and weed mapping of irrigated wheat fields in West Azarbijan Province. Journal of Weed Ecology. 2: 55-70. (In Persian).
Lair, K., and E.F. Redente. 2004. Influence of auxin and sulfonylurea herbicides on seeded native communities. Journal of Range Management. 57: 211-218.
Lak, M.R., M. Minbashi Moeini, and M. Hatamabadi Farahani. 2011. Investigation on using of GIS for weed mapping of drylsnd wheat field in Markazi province. Plant Protection Journal. 3(3): 259-273. (In Persian).
Majnon Hosseini, N. 2004. Food legumes in Iran. Jahad Tehran University Press. PP: 180. (In Persian).
Mansourian, S., E. Ezadi, M.H. Rashed Mohasel, H. Kanoni, and S.M. Naghshbandi. 2014. Weed mapping of chickpea fields in Kurdistan province using geographic information system. The 5th Iranian Pulse Crops Conference. 26 Feb. Karaj. Iran. (In Persian).
Mc Cully, K.V., M.G. Sampson, and A.K. Watson. 1991. Weed survey of Nova Scotia Liwbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) fields. Weed Science. 39: 180-185.
Menalled, F.D., K.L. Gross, and M. Hammond. 2001. Weed aboveground and seedbank community responses to agricultural management systems. Ecological Application. 11: 1586-1601.
Minbashi, M., M.A. Baghestanii, and H. Rahimian. 2008. Introducing abundance index for assessing weed flora in survey studies. Weed Biology and Management. 8: 172-180. (In Persian).
Parsa, M., and A.R. Bagheri. 2009. Beans. Jahad Mashhad University Press. PP: 522 (In Persian).
Poggio, S.L., E.H. Satorre, and E.B. Delafuente. 2004. Structure of weed communities occurring in pea and wheat crops in the Rollin Pampa Argentina. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment. 103: 225-235.
Porheidar Ghafarbi, S., and S. Hassannejad. 2013. Identification and survey of weeds community indices in alfalfa fields of Shabestar. Sustainable Agriculture and Production Science. 23: 71-87. (In Persian).
Sabeti, P., M. Minbashi Moeini, and M. Rivand. 2013. Assess the damage weeds corn fields. The Fifth Scientific Conference Weed. University of Tehran- Karaj. 2-4 September 2013. (In Persian).
Thomas, A.G. 1985. Weed survey system used in Saskatchwan for cereal and oilseed crops. Weed Science. 33: 34-43.
Veisi, M., M. Minbashi, P. Sabeti, and A. Mohammadi. 2013. Study on community structure and species diversity of dryland wheat fields and weed mapping of Kermanshah. Journal of Weed Ecology. 1: 55-68. (In Persian).
Zand, E., H. Rahimian, A.R. Koocheki, J. Khalaghani, S.K. Moosavi, and K. Ramezani. 2004. Weed ecology (Translation). Jahad Daneshgahi of Mashhad Press. PP: 558. (In Persian).
