Subject Areas : Journal of Crop Ecophysiology

parisa moradiyan ¹ , Varahram Rashidi ^{2 *} , Hassan Moniri Far ³ , بهمن پاسبان اسلام ⁴

1 - PhD student in Plant Breeding, Azad University of Tabriz
2 - 1 Department of agronomy and plant breeding, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz branch, Tabriz, Iran
3 - Associate Professor, Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center of East Azarbaijan, AREEO, Tabriz,
4 - مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذریجان شرقی

Received: 2022-11-27 Accepted : 2023-04-29 Published : 2024-09-22

Keywords: Alfalfa, Drought stress, Ecotype, Forage yield, Resistance.,

Abstract :

The experiment was carried out in the form of split plots based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at the East Azerbaijan Research Center located in Khosrow Shah region during two crop years (2015-2016 and 2016-2017). In the main plots, the irrigation factor at three levels included stopping irrigation after the first cut, stopping irrigation after the second cut, and stopping irrigation after the third cut (plots were normally irrigated with a controlled water meter and no stress was applied). The second factor included seven ecotypes of Synthetic A, Synthetic B, Azar, Joshin, Satlo, Khajeh, and Khosroshah Mahalli Shahed, which were considered as sub-plots. Considering that the crop year 2015-2016 was the establishment year, simple variance analysis was done for the data of the crop year 2016-2017. The results showed that the forage yield between the studied ecotypes under sever water shortage stress (stoping irrigation after the furrow) conditions decreased by 2.5 tons per hectare compared to normal irrigation conditions. The highest fresh forage yield in fully irrigated conditions with 8.4 tons per hectare belonged to two synthetic ecotypes, Al and Joshin. While under sever water shortage stress (stoping irrigation after the furrow), Joshin ecotypes (5.76), synthetic B (5.45) and synthetic A (5.33 tons per hectare) had the highest forage yield. Proline (784.5 mg/g FW) and enzymes ascorbate peroxidase (10.94 U/mg protein) and catalase activities (1.005 U/mg protein) showed a significant increase between ecotypes under water deficit stress. The present study showed that the studied ecotypes have favorable characteristics related to tolerance to water deficit stress. MP, GMP, STI, and HM indices were recognized as the most suitable stress tolerance indices, which had the highest correlation with forage yield in non-stress and drought stress conditions. Joshin, synthetic A and synthetic B ecotypes have higher performance stability in terms of the mentioned indicators and can be used in breeding programs to increase tolerance to water shortage.

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