Evaluating the Effect of Amount of Wheat Straw and Stubble Residues and Urea Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Corn (Zea mays L.)

Subject Areas : Journal of Crop Ecophysiology

S. Safikhani ¹ (PhD. Student of Crop Physiologhy, University of Gonbad Kavus, Gonbad Kavus, Iran)
M. Azarnia ² (PhD. Student of Crop Physiologhy, University of Gonbad Kavus, Gonbad Kavus, Iran)

Received: 2014-06-22 Accepted : 2015-02-28 Published : 2015-04-21

Keywords: corn, Urea fertilizer, Wheat stubbe residues, Yield and its components,

Abstract :

To investigate the effect of different amounts of wheat stubbe residues and urea fertilizer levels on yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.) SC. 704, an experiment was carried out, at the Agricultural Research Station, University of Agriculture and Natural Resources Ramin Khuzestan, during the growing season of 2007. The experiment was split plot based on randomized complete block design with two factors and four replications. The treatments consisted of four levels of nitrogen, as main factor, and six different amounts of wheat residues, as subplot factor. Main plot treatments were: a1= 425, a2= 450, a3= 475 and a4= 500 kg/ha urea fertilizer and subplot treatments were: b1= the all wheat residues (100%), b2= 75, b3= 50 and b4= 25 % of wheat residues, b5= without straw and stubble, b6= burning of wheat residues. The resulats revealed that the effects of urea fertilizer and wheat stubble rate on all traits under study and intractions on seed number per ear and ear number per unit area weresignificant. It was also indicated that high levels of wheat residues reduced corn seed yield and its components. The results also showed that turning under the 50-75 percent residue into the soil before planting corn and not using stubble not only don’t reduce seed yield and its components , they also increase in the long run soil organic matter.