Investigating the Morphophysiological Traits of some Bread Wheat Cultivars under Normal Conditions and Drought Stress
Subject Areas : Journal of Crop Ecophysiologykamal Shahbazi Homounlu 1 * , Ali ebadi 2 , salim farzaneh 3 , manuchehr Khodarahmi 4
1 - Ph.D. Student of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Iran
2 - mohagheg ardebili university
3 - Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
4 - Cereals Research Department, Seed and Plant Breeding Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
Keywords: Anti oxidant enzyme, Polyphenol oxidase, Proline enzyme, Water use efficiency.,
Abstract :
The aim of this study was to evaluate and select bread wheat cultivars by assessing the yield, yield components and some physiological traits under drought stress conditions. Six cultivars were evaluated as sub-plots in 2018 to 2020 cropping seasons using a split plot design based on RCBD with three replicates. The Main plot covered the three irrigation regimes including normal irrigation (non-drought stress), terminal drought stress (irrigation up to boot- stage as moderate drought stress) and full drought stress (dryland). The results revealed that a significant reduction of the plant height (3.37 and 6.88%), fertile tillers number (19.39 and 22.72%), seeds number per spike (7.76 and 15.76%), seed weight per spike (6.38 and 7.86) and grain yield (7.66 and 15.29%) were recorded under the moderate drought stress and full drought stress, respectively as compared to non-stress conditions. Also moderate drought stress and full drought significantly increased the proline content (26.45 and 45.71%, respectively) and polyphenol oxidase (13.09 and 20.81%, respectively). Tektaz, Tirgan and Aftab cultivars had the highest water use efficiency and the water use efficiency increased under drought stress conditions. In general, the results showed that the wheat cultivars ‘Taktaz’ showed the highest yield potential followed by the Tirgan in both non-stress and moderate drought stress conditions and in moderate drought stress and full drought stress, Tektaz and Aftab cultivars were superior in terms of investigated traits and with regard to the higher tolerance of the cultivars to drought stress, the use of these cultivars in areas with limited humidity deserves long-term research with more details.
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