An ovarian fibrosarcoma in a Rabbit

Subject Areas : Pathology

Hesam Savadkoohi ¹ , Farshid Khorshidi ² , Alireza Salehi ³ , Seyed Mohammad Hoseini ^{4 *}

1 - Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
2 - Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
3 - Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
4 - Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran

Received: 2023-03-04 Accepted : 2023-08-01 Published : 2023-09-01

Keywords: Ovary, Rabbit, Tumor, Malignant, Fibrosarcoma,

Abstract :

Background and Aim: Fibrosarcoma is a deadly tumor rarely derived from fibrous connective tissue. This malignant tumor grows slowly, and its main characteristics are the proliferation of immature fibroblasts or undifferentiated anaplastic spindle cells. The etiology of this tumor is unknown, while rarely leads to metastasis. A 3.5-year-old rabbit was referred to the veterinary clinic due to anorexia. After the examination, an ultrasound of the abdominal area was performed, which showed evidence of a tumor. The case was subsequently referred to radiography to investigate for any metastasis. After that, surgery was performed to remove the tumor mass from the ovaries and uterus, which weighed 120 grams. After taking a tissue sample and fixating it in a 10% buffered formalin buffer solution, it was referred to the pathology laboratory. The tissue was processed, sliced into 5-micron sections, and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin as well as Masson's trichrome stainings. Our findings showed malignant changes such as spindle-shaped cells with unusual nuclei and mitotic figures, random growth patterns, and collagen fibers in all directions, in addition to the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Finally, the sample was diagnosed as fibrosarcoma. It should be noticed that regarding this tumor type, surgery is the recommended approach. However, if surgery is not possible, radiotherapy and chemotherapy can also be used. Same as this case, even after successful surgery, the animal should be monitored due to the possibility of recurrence. It should be noted that after 7 months, the animal's condition was reported to be good.

References:

[1] Petterino C, Modesto P, Strata D, Vascellari M, Mutinelli F, Ferrari A, et al. A case of interscapular fibrosarcoma in a dwarf rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation. 2009; 21(6): 900-5.
doi: 10.1177/104063870902100626
[2] Brower M, Goldstein GS, Ziegler LE, Matise I. Spontaneous oral fibrosarcoma in a New Zealand rabbit. Journal of Veterinary Dentistry. 2006; 23(2): 96-9. doi: 10.1177/089875640602300206
[3] Augsburger D, Nelson PJ, Kalinski T, Udelnow A, Knösel T, Hofstetter M, et al. Current diagnostics and treatment of fibrosarcoma–perspectives for future therapeutic targets and strategies. Oncotarget. 2017; 8(61): 104638.
doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.20136
[4] Folpe AL. Fibrosarcoma: a review and update. Histopathology. 2014; 64(1): 12-25.
[5] Musal B, Ulutas P, Aydogan A. Vaginal fibrosarcoma in a cow. Irish Veterinary Journal. 2007; 60(7): 1-2. doi:10.1111/his.12282
[6] Christy AO, MacDonald I, Olaposi OI. Effect of Spondias mombin leaves’ extracts on chemically induced tumor. Journal of Medicinal Herbs. 2022; 13(2): 7-17.
doi: 10.30495/medherb.2022.693887
[7] Hesaraki S, Abedi G, Rismanchi S. Penile fibrosarcoma tumor in a bull. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research. 2010; 11(3): 283-6.
doi: 10.22099/IJVR.2010.145
[8] Sapierzyński R, Malicka E, Bielecki W, Krawiec M, Osińska B, Sendecka H, et al. Tumors of the urogenital system in dogs and cats. Retrospective review of 138 cases. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2007; 10(2): 97-103.
[9] Huang L, Liao L-M, Wang H-Y, Zheng M. Clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic factors of ovarian fibrosarcoma: the results of a multi-center retrospective study. BMC cancer. 2010; 10(1): 585.
[10] Davis KM, Hardie EM, Lascelles BDX, Hansen B. Feline fibrosarcoma: perioperative management. Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian. 2007; 29(12): 712-32.
[11] Ip PP, Tse KY, Tam KF. Uterine smooth muscle tumors other than the ordinary leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas: a review of selected variants with emphasis on recent advances and unusual morphology that may cause concern for malignancy. Advances in Anatomic Pathology. 2010; 17(2): 91-112.
doi: 10.1097/PAP.0b013e3181cfb901
[12] Atkins KA, Arronte N, Darus CJ, Rice LW. The use of p16 in enhancing the histologic classification of uterine smooth muscle tumors. American journal of surgical pathology. 2008; 32(1): 98-102. doi: 10.1097/PAS.0b013e3181574d1e
[13] Prat J, Scully RE. Cellular fibromas and fibrosarcomas of the ovary: a comparative clinicopathologic analysis of seventeen cases. Cancer. 1981; 47(11): 2663-70. doi:10.1002/10970142(19810601)47:11<2663::aid-cncr2820471124>3.0.co;2-v
[14] Bertram CA, Bertram B, Bartel A, Ewringmann A, Fragoso-Garcia MA, Erickson NA, et al. Neoplasia and tumor-like lesions in pet rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus): a retrospective analysis of cases between 1995 and 2019. Veterinary Pathology. 2021; 58(5): 901-11.
doi: 10.1177/0300985820973460
[15] Bertram C, Müller K, Klopfleisch R. Genital tract pathology in female pet rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus): a retrospective study of 854 necropsy examinations and 152 biopsy samples. Journal of Comparative Pathology. 2018; 164: 17-26.
doi: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2018.08.003
[16] Ray S, Biswas BK, Mukhopadhyay S. Giant primary ovarian fibrosarcoma: Case report and review of pitfalls. Journal of Cytology. 2012; 29(4): 255.
doi: 10.4103/0970-9371.103946
[17] Zhang Z, Yao A, Xin Q, Shi Y, Zhang A. Nuclear atypia is a necessary factor for diagnosis of primary ovarian fibrosarcoma: a case report and literature review. Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation. 2020; 85(5): 437-45.
doi: 10.1159/000510875