Response of agronomic indices, quality and quantity yield of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) to the integrated application of bio-chemical phosphorus fertilizers
Subject Areas :Javad Hamzei 1 , Afshar Azadbakht 2 , Seyed Mohsen Seyedi 3 , Farshid Sadeghi 4 , Saeid Najari 5
1 - Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
2 - Ph.D Graduated of Weed Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
3 - Ph.D Crop Ecology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran and The member of Young Researcher's and Elite Club, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, IRAN
4 - M.Sc. of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
5 - M.Sc. of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
Keywords: Grain yield, Mycorrhiza, essential oil yield, Fennel, Phosphorus fertilizer,
Abstract :
The aim of this research was to evaluate the response of agronomic indices and quality and quantity yield of fennel to integrated application of bio-chemical phosphorus fertilizer. So, ten treatments (factorial combination of application and non-application mycorrhiza with five levels of zero, 300, 600, 900 and 1200 mg phosphorus per pot) were evaluated in a randomized complete block design (CRBD) with three replications. Effect of treatments on plant height, number of branches per plant, number of umbel per plant, number of umbelest per umbel, number of seed per umbel, number of seed per umbelest, grain yield, biological yield and percent and essential oil yield was significant. According to means comparison, the highest value of plant height (75cm), number of umbel per plant (35umbel), number of seed per umbel (325 seed), grain yield (16 gr per plant), biological yield (35 gr per plant), essential oil percent (2.71%) and essential oil yield (0.43 gr per plant) were achieved at mycorrhizal plants with application of 300 mg phosphorus. But, number of seed per umbelest with comparison to the control treatment (without application of chemical or bio fertilizer) decreased. In general, results showed that integrated application of biological and chemical phosphorus fertilizers improved quantity and quality traits of fennel and decreased consumption of chemical phosphorus fertilizer which is in agreement with the sustainable production of medicinal plants and safe environment.
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