Application of nanotechnology in optimizing solar water desalination systems: A step toward sustainable development based on renewable energy
Subject Areas :
1 -
Keywords: Solar Desalination, Nanotechnology, Nanoparticles, Renewable Energy, Nanofluids.,
Abstract :
This paper provides a comprehensive review of the role of nanotechnology in enhancing solar water desalination systems with a renewable energy-based approach, highlighting the need for continuous research to achieve more economical and sustainable technologies. Water desalination, as a fundamental solution to the global water crisis, has gained significant attention in recent years. Technological advancements particularly in the fields of nanotechnology and renewable energy, have opened new path for the development of sustainable and cost-effective water desalination units. The use of nanomaterials and nanofluids in distillation and filtration systems enhances operational efficiency, reduces dependency on climatic conditions, and improves overall process performance. On the other hand, the utilization of renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, geothermal, and biomass presents an effective alternative to costly and polluting fossil fuels. Specifically, nanofluids play a crucial role in optimizing solar distillation units, and nanoengineered membranes with nanoporous structures have demonstrated promising capabilities in salt removal and freshwater production. Despite these encouraging achievements, challenges such as the gradual decline in membrane performance, operational costs, and energy consumption persist
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