Investigation of growth, nitrate reductase activity, total content of flavonoids, anthocyanins, and some elements in Zamioculcas zamiifolia Engl. under the influence of three types of nitrogen fertilizers in greenhouse conditions

Subject Areas : Genetic

Alireza Rahmani ¹ , Aryan Sateei ^{2 *} , Mehdi Ebadi ³ , Mazyar Ahmadi Golsefidi ⁴

1 - Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran
2 - Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran
3 - Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran
4 - Department of Chemistry, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran

Received: 2020-10-23 Accepted : 2020-10-31 Published : 2025-04-18

Keywords: Anthocyanin, Fertilizer, Medicinal Plant, Nitrate Reductase, Ornamental Plant, Zamioculcas Zamiifoli Engl,

Abstract :

In the present study, the effect of nitrogen fertilizers, including urea, NPK, and biofertilizer containing Azotobacter with the trade name Dr. Bio, on growth, content of some elements, and content of flavonoid compounds and total anthocyanins in the ornamental-medicinal plant Zamioculcas zamiifolia Engl. was investigated. In the greenhouse of Farhikhtegan at Islamic Azad University of Gorgan, plants were planted in pots and arranged in random blocks under the influence of different concentrations of fertilizer, specifically at levels of 0, 2, and 4 g/L. Urea and biofertilizer treatments had more significant effects on growth factors, such as the fresh and dry weights of roots and leaves, compared to NPK fertilizer.  Although the flavonoid content of leaves was not affected by fertilizer, biofertilizer had a significant positive effect on the anthocyanin content of them. Concentrations of 2 g/L of NPK or urea negatively affected the total anthocyanin content of leaves, while a concentration of 4 g/L of urea had a positive effect. All treatments positively increased the nitrogen content in roots. The total nitrogen in leaves was unaffected by the biofertilizer, but showed some increases with other treatments. Both biofertilizer and urea had significant positive effects on increasing the nitrate reductase activity in leaves. The effect of NPK fertilizer on this enzymatic activity was increased at a concentration of 4 g/L but decreased at a concentration of 2 g/L. All treatments significantly reduced phosphorus and potassium levels in leaves while increasing them in the roots. Both biofertilizer and NPK significantly reduced the iron content in both leaves and roots. However, with urea, this decrease was only observed in the roots at a concentration of 2 g/L. In contrast, the 4 g/L treatment increased the iron content in both the roots and leaves.

 

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