The role of resilience, emotion regulation and spiritual health in predicting suicidal ideation of women victims of violence in the corona

Subject Areas : Islamic-Iranian Family Studies Journal

Behnoosh Haji Heydari ¹ , Ilnaz Sajjadian ²

1 - Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran
2 - Associate Professor, department of clinical psychology, Community health research center, Isfahan(khorasgan)branch, Islamic Azad university, Isfahan, Iran

Received: 2023-11-22 Accepted : 2023-12-15 Published : 2023-10-23

Keywords: resilience, spiritual health, emotion regulation, suicidal ideation, Violence,

Abstract :

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the role of resilience, emotion regulation and spiritual health in predicting suicidal ideation of women victims of violence during the coronavirus period. Method: The descriptive research method was correlation type. The statistical population included women victims of violence who had referred to the psychological clinics of Isfahan city in 2021-2022 and among them 180 people were selected by the available sampling method, and they answered the questionnaires on resilience (Kunor and Davidson, 2003), emotion regulation (Garnevsky, Craig and Spinhaven, 2001), spiritual health (Palotzin and Ellison, 1982) and predict suicidal ideation (Aaron Beck, 1961). The research data were analyzed using the method of correlation analysis, multivariate regression analysis and through the SPSS-23 software. Findings: The results showed that suicidal ideation could be predicted by resilience, spiritual health and emotion regulation (p<0.05). Resilience has the greatest ability to predict the suicidal ideation of women victims of violence and it predicts nearly 32% of the suicidal suicidal ideation of women victims of violence, and the variables of resilience and spiritual health are simultaneously 39.5% of the variable of suicidal ideation of women victims of violence. predict Conclusion: According to the results obtained, it is important to pay attention to resilience, and spiritual health in educational packages to reduce suicidal ideation in victims of domestic violence.Extended Abstract IntroductionThe coronavirus first appeared in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, and in less than 3 months, the local epidemic turned into a global pandemic, forcing governments around the world to announce social distancing requirements and eventually quarantines. (Chan et al., 2020; Hill et al., 2021; Holshue et al., 2020; Mikaeili & Samadifard, 2019). which resulted in social, psychological and economic consequences, including an increase in cases of domestic violence (Campbell, 2020; Sánchez et al., 2020; Viero et al., 2021). addition, research shows that participants in quarantine experienced increased rates of suicidal thoughts (Hill et al., 2021). Suicidal thoughts is a broad term used to describe a range of thoughts, desires, and preoccupations. Thought is used with death and suicide (Harmer et al., 2022).Resilience against suicide is one of the topics of interest to researchers in the field of suicide. It prevents suicide in situations where suicide risk factors surround people. Some studies show that low levels of resilience are associated with suicidal thoughts (Chen & Kuo, 2020; McLaren & Challis, 2009) Another psychological construct that is effective in reducing suicidal thoughts is the cognitive regulation of emotion (Bedayat & Askary, 2020; Sepehreinjad & Hatamian, 2018). High emotional regulation skills can be effective in modulating and correcting emotional reactions and affect the cognitive processes involved (Ramezanzadeh et al., 2014).Research results show that one of the factors influencing the reduction of suicidal thoughts is spiritual health (Mehrabian et al., 2023; Mikaeili & Samadifard, 2019; Rahimi & Asadolahi, 2017). People who have spiritual health are capable, strong people. , have greater control and social support and have the ability to adapt to spiritual tensions and necessary interventions to adapt and deal with problems and crises (Cilliers & Terblanche, 2014; Mohammadi et al., 2018).The phenomenon of wife abuse is not accepted in any of the religions and societies. Therefore, treatment or prevention measures of domestic violence seem necessary. Considering the position of the family in societies, when talking about the institution of the family, intimacy, love, and peace immediately come to mind. The existence of peace in the family institution depends on having warm relations between the family members, especially the parents. Domestic violence against women is a hidden, chronic and widespread phenomenon in all human societies and has many negative effects. Therefore, by conducting such research, it is hoped to identify predictor variables of domestic violence and prevent its consequences. Also, by conducting the present study, which deals with explaining the influential personality factors (resilience, emotion regulation, and spiritual health) in the occurrence of suicidal ideation among women who are victims of violence against women, it is possible to quantitatively predict the probability of committing other crimes such as suicide based on these three variables. . Considering the novelty of this research, its results can strengthen researchers' attention to women victims of violence during the coronavirus epidemic. According to the existing concerns about the psychological consequences of the coronavirus and its increasing rate for women, the researcher in this research is looking for an answer to the question of whether resilience, emotional regulation and spiritual health can reduce the suicidal ideation of women who are victims of violence in the period predict coronavirus?MethodologyAccording to the nature of the subject, the present research was descriptive of the correlational type from the point of view of the applied goal and its method. The statistical population included women who were victims of violence who had been referred to the psychological clinics of Isfahan in 2021-2022 to receive counseling. and they answered the questionnaires on resilience (Kunor and Davidson, 2003), emotion regulation (Garnevsky, Craig and Spinhaven, 2001), spiritual health (Palotzin and Ellison, 1982) and predict suicidal ideation (Aaron Beck, 1961). The research data were analyzed using the method of correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and the statistical software package for social sciences )SPSS-23 software(. ResultsThe present study revealed that most of the sample's education includes 63 people (35 percent) with a bachelor's degree. Most of the sample includes 84 people (46.7 percent) who are housewives. Also, most of the people in the sample, including 82 people (45.6 percent), have one child. It was also found that the average age of the sample is 37.07 years and the average duration of their marriage is 6.79 years. In the following, we will examine the average of the research variables.Table 1. Descriptive indices of research variablesBased on the results obtained in Table 1; The mean of resilience, cognitive emotion regulation and spiritual health as predictor variables are 42.02, 63.19, and 102.82, respectively. The average variable of the research criteria including suicidal ideation is equal to 25.44. The results have also shown that the relationship between resilience, its dimensions, as well as cognitive regulation of emotion and its dimensions, and spiritual health and dimensions of this variable with suicidal thoughts in women victims of violence is significant (p<0.01).Table 2. Multiple correlation coefficient and F to predict suicidal ideation through cognitive regulation of emotion, resilience and spiritual health The results of the step-by-step regression analysis in Table 2 show that, in the presence of all predictor variables, and among these variables, resilience has the highest ability to predict suicidal ideation of women who are victims of violence. The findings of the above table indicate that resilience predicts 0.321 or nearly 32% of the suicidal ideation of female victims of violence, which according to the observed F (84.13), this amount is at the 0.001 level. It is meaningful. In the second step, with the addition of the spiritual health variable, the prediction rate of suicidal ideation of women victims of violence by two variables reaches 0.395. That is, two variables simultaneously predict 39.5% of the variable of suicidal ideation of women victims of violence, and the net contribution of the variable of spiritual health is equal to 7.4%, which according to the observed F (21.71), this amount It is significant at the 0.001 level. Table 3. The results of regression coefficients between predictor variables and suicidal ideation variableBased on the results obtained in table 3, among the predictor variables of the research, resilience variable (with t-statistic equal to 4.69) and spiritual health (with t-statistic equal to -4.61) can predict changes related to suicidal ideation of women victims of violence. nose According to the obtained standard beta coefficients, it can be said that by adding one unit to resilience and spiritual health, the standard deviation of suicidal ideation of women victims of violence is reduced by 0.35 and 0.32, respectively. Also, with the addition of one unit to the trust in individual and spiritual influences, 0.735 and 0.206 standard deviations of suicidal thoughts of women victims of violence are reduced, respectively. The results showed that for an increase of one unit in self-blame, 0.312 standard deviations were added to the suicidal thoughts of these women, and for an increase of one unit in the dimension of positive refocusing, 0.279 standard deviations of suicidal thoughts decreased in these women. Based on the results obtained, by adding one unit to religious health in women victims of violence, 0.557 standard deviations of suicidal thoughts is reduced.DiscussionThe results obtained from this research showed that resilience has the greatest ability to predict suicidal ideation of women who are victims of violence. In other words, resilience predicted 32% of suicidal ideation among female victims of violence. Also, resilience and spiritual health variables simultaneously predict 39.5% of the variable of suicidal tho ideation ughts of female victims of violence. . It was also found that emotional regulation has an effect in predicting suicidal thoughts, but the variable of cognitive regulation of emotion and its dimensions in step-by-step regression and in the presence of other predictive variables was not able to predict suicidal thoughts in female victims of violence. And it was consistent with the results of Zarei (1400), Kumar et al. (2021), Liu et al. (2021) and Rahimi and Asdalahi (2015). In explaining these results, it can be said that suicidal thoug ideation hts are a big medical and social problem. Also, during the spread of previous infectious diseases, the prevalence of suicide has increased. In particular, suicide rates were found to increase during plague outbreaks, during the Spanish flu of 1918-1919 in the United States, during the SARS outbreak in China among the elderly, women, and lower socioeconomic classes, as well as during The course is extended. Ebola infection in Africa (43-46). Mental, behavioral, financial and psychosocial issues related to the spread of COVID-19 may contribute to the increase of suicidal behaviors (39,40). Decades of research have focused largely on risk factors for suicidal behavior while ignoring protective factors such as resilience that may help address this important public health issue. Resilience is the capacity and dynamic process of adaptively overcoming stress and adversity while maintaining normal psychological and physical functioning ConclusionAs the studies showed, Zarei (1400), Sepharinejad and Hatmian (2017), Rahimi and Asdalahi (2015), Kumar et al. (2021), resilience is a protective factor against the risk of suicide. Women who have resilience have a higher concentration and attention to themselves and others, they show better cooperation with each other, they are interested in maintaining long-term relationships and are able to expand their skills (including conflict resolution) and women with high resilience are able to They have good control of their emotions and can make better decisions when conflicts arise. Limitations and SuggestionsThis research, like other research, faced challenges and limitations, one of the limitations of the research is that the statistical population is limited to the women of Isfahan city, so caution should be taken in generalizing the results to other communities. On the other hand, the sampling method in this research is non-random and available and among the women who went to the centers for counseling, which can affect the generalizability of the results. In addition, due to conducting the research in the conditions of coronavirus, caution should be taken from generalizing the results to the post-Corona era, and it is suggested to conduct similar research in other cities and in the post-Corona era. According to the results of this research, it is suggested to reduce suicidal ideation in women victims of domestic violence; Individual and group training programs should be held to strengthen resilience and coping skills and spiritual issues. AcknowledgementsWe hereby acknowledge and thank all the people who participated in the research and all those who cooperated in the implementation of this research. FundingThis study is derived from the master's thesis of the first author of the article and has no financial support. Ethics approval and consent to participateTo comply with the ethical principles, the necessary explanations about the objectives of the research were given to the participants and they were assured that their information will remain confidential with the researcher and the participants participated in the research with consent and knowledge. Conflict of interestsAccording to the authors of this article, there is no conflict of interest. References Bedayat, E., & Askary, M. 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