Structural Equation Modeling Prediction of adolescent suicide ideation based on self-esteem and social anxiety with a mediating role of hopelessness
Subject Areas : Social Health
Hassan Shafiei
1
*
,
Meysam Jafari Larhang
2
1 - Assistante professor, Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
2 - 2- M.A. of Educational Psychology, Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
Keywords: Suicidal ideation, adolescents, self-esteem, social anxiety, hopelessness, Adolescence,
Abstract :
The present study aimed to find structural equation modeling for predicting adolescent suicidal ideation based on self-esteem and social anxiety with the mediating role of hopelessness. The research design was multivariate correlation and structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all the male students of the first secondary level in the city of Jovin in 1400-1401. 201 people were selected by cluster random sampling method. The data were collected by the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI) Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (SES) Jerabek Social Anxiety Scale (SAS) and children and adolescents' hopelessness scale (CHLS). The data were analyzed using SEM structural equation modeling and spss24 and Amos.24 software. The research model was found to be a good fit and was confirmed. Social anxiety, self-esteem, and hopelessness were directly predictive of suicidal ideation in adolescents, and hopelessness played a mediating role in the relationship between social anxiety, self-esteem, and suicidal ideation. The study's findings suggest that enhancing self-esteem and reducing social anxiety can potentially diminish hopelessness and consequently lower suicidal ideation among adolescents. The results of this study, emphasizing the effect of self-esteem, social anxiety and the mediating role of hopelessness on adolescent suicidal ideation, can provide practical implications for improving mental health in adolescents.
احمدبوکانی، س.، قمری¬گیوی، ح.، کیانی، ا. ر.، و رضایی شریف، ع. (1400). بررسی مدل نقش تعدیل¬گری ناامیدی و نشخوار فکری در نظریه انگیزشی- ارادی خودکشی. رویش روان¬شناسی، 10 (6-63)، 40-32.
اصلانی، خ.، امان¬الهی، ع.، ولدمومن، پ.، و تقی¬پور، م. (1393). بررسی رابطه ساده و تعدیل¬گر ناامیدی و عملکرد خانواده با افکار خودکشی گرا در بین دانش¬آموزان پایه اول دبیرستان شهر اهواز. فصلنامه فرهنگ مشاوره و روان درمانی، 5 (2)، 79-60.
پورحسین، ر.، فرهودی، ف.، امیری، م.، جانبزرگی، م. رضایی¬بیداخویدی، ا.، و نوراللهی، ف. (1394). بررسی رابطه بین افکار خودکشی، افسردگی، اضطراب، تاب¬آوری، تنیدگی¬های روزانه و سلامت روانی در دانشجویان دانشگاه تهران. فصلنامه مطالعات روانشناسی بالینی، 14 (4)، 40-22.
حبیبی، م.، خلقی، ح.، عابدی¬پریسا، ح.، و پروندوار، ز (1390). ویژگی¬های روان¬سنجی پرسشنامه ناامیدی کودکان و نوجوانان. همایش کنگره انجمن روانشناسی ایران، 5(1): 36-25.
حشمتی¬مولایی، ن.، جهانگیری، ف.، و زندکریمی، غ. (1396). بررسی ویژگی¬های روانسنجی مقیاس افکار خودکشی بک در نوجوانان دختر. چهارمین کنفرانس بین¬المللی نوآوری¬های اخیر در روانشناسی، مشاوره و علوم رفتاری، تهران، دانشگاه نیکان.
رجبی، غ. م.، و کارجوکسمایی، س. (1390). بررسی ساختار تاییدی مدل دو عاملی نسخه فارسی مقیاس عزت نفس روزنبرگ. روش¬ها و مدل¬های روان¬شناختی، 2 (6)، 43-33.
عادلی¬پور، ز.، جوادی، ع.، و کارشکی، ح. (1392). رواسازی و انطباق یابی مقیاس خودباوری¬های مربوط به اضطراب اجتماعی (SBSA). مجله روانشناسی بالینی، 7(4-28)، 12-1.
قربان صباغ، ف.، معصومی، ح.، و خزایی، ک.(1396). نقش واسطه‌ای تعهد دینی در رابطه بین اضطراب اجتماعی با ایده پردازی خودکشی در دانش آموزان نوجوان دختر شهرستان ورامین. پیشرفت¬های نوین در علوم رفتاری. ۲ (۱۶): ۱۲-۱.
لقایی، م.، مهرابی¬زاده¬هنرمند، م.، و ارشدی، ن. (1399). مدل ساختاری ایده پردازی خودکشی بر اساس مولفه¬های تاب آوری، راهبردهای مقابله¬ای مساله مدار و هیجان مدار با در نظر گرفتن نقش میانجی افسردگی در دانشجویان. مطالعات روانشناسی بالینی، 10 (40)، 46-27.
مدرس¬سبزواری، س.، و نوری¬قاسم¬آبادی، ر. (1395). نقش انواع اندیشناکی، ناامیدی و افسردگی در پیش بینی افکار خودکشی دانشجویان. فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی در سلامت روانشناختی، 9 (4)، 36-28.
ملکی، ب. (1397). بررسی نقش عزت نفس آشکار و ناآشکار در پیش بینی نشان¬گان افسردگی، افکار خودکشی و احساس تنهایی. مطالعات روانشناختی دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی دانشگاه الزهرا (س)، 14 (4)، 106-92.
میکائیلی، ن.، و صمدی¬فرد، ح. ر. (1398). پیش بینی افکار خودکشی بر اساس شادکامی، عزت نفس و سلامت معنوی در نوجوانان دختر شهر اردبیل. پژوهش در دین و سلامت، 5 (3)، 71-59.
References
Abramson, L. Y., Metalsky, G. I., & Alloy, L. B. (1989). Hopelessness depression: A theory-based subtype of depression. Psychological review, 96(2), 358.
Adelipoor, Z., Javadi, A., & Kareshki, H. (2015). Validation and adaptation of self-beliefs related to social anxiety scale (SBSA). Journal of Clinical Psychology, 7(4), 1-12. (In Persian)
Ahmadbookani, S., Ghamari, H., Kiani, A., Rezaeisharif, A. (2021). Investigating the moderation model of hopelessness and rumination in integrated motivational-volitional (IMV) model suicide theory. Rooyesh,10 (6), 31-40. (In Persian)
Alfano, C. A., & Beidel, D. C. (Eds.). (2011). Social anxiety in adolescents and young adults: Translating developmental science into practice. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Arditte, K. A., Morabito, D. M., Shaw, A. M., & Timpano, K. R. (2016). Interpersonal risk for suicide in social anxiety: The roles of shame and depression. Psychiatry research, 239, 139-144.
Aslani, K., Amanollahi, A., Valad Momen, P., & Taghipoor, M. (2014). Simple and moderator relationship of hopelessness and family function with suicidal ideation among high schools student in Ahwaz city. Counseling Culture and Psycotherapy, 5(20), 59-79. (In Persian)
Bachmann, S. (2018). Epidemiology of suicide and the psychiatric perspective. International journal of environmental research and public health, 15(7), 1425.
Beck, A. T. (1996). Beyond belief: A theory of modes, personality, and psychopathology.
Beck, A. T., Brown, G., & Steer, R. A. (1989). Prediction of eventual suicide in psychiatric inpatients by clinical ratings of hopelessness. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 57(2), 309.
Beck, A. T., Weissman, A., Lester, D., & Trexler, L. (1974). The measurement of pessimism: the hopelessness scale. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 42(6), 861.
Bentley, K. H., Franklin, J. C., Ribeiro, J. D., Kleiman, E. M., Fox, K. R., & Nock, M. K. (2016). Anxiety and its disorders as risk factors for suicidal thoughts and behaviors: A meta-analytic review. Clinical psychology review, 43, 30-46.
Bilsen, J. (2018). Suicide and youth: risk factors. Frontiers in psychiatry, 540.
Brausch, A. M., & Decker, K. M. (2014). Self-esteem and social support as moderators of depression, body image, and disordered eating for suicidal ideation in adolescents. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 42(5), 779-789.
Brown, G. K., Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Grisham, J. R. (2000). Risk factors for suicide in psychiatric outpatients: a 20-year prospective study. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 68(3), 371.
Bryan, C. J., & Hernandez, A. M. (2013). The functions of social support as protective factors for suicidal ideation in a sample of air force personnel. Suicide and Life‐Threatening Behavior, 43(5), 562-573.
Buckner, J. D., Lemke, A. W., Jeffries, E. R., & Shah, S. M. (2017). Social anxiety and suicidal ideation: Test of the utility of the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicide. Journal of anxiety disorders, 45, 60-63.
Campbell, J.D., Chew, B. and Scrathley, L. (1991) Cognitive and emotional reactions to daily events: the effects of self esteem and self complexity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 473 –505.
Cheng, G., Liu, J., Yang, Y., Wang, Y., Xiong, X., & Liu, G. (2021). Stressful events and adolescents’ suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 epidemic: A moderated mediation model of depression and parental educational involvement. Children and youth services review, 127, 106047.
Choo, C. C., Harris, K. M., Chew, P. K., & Ho, R. C. (2017). What predicts medical lethality of suicide attempts in Asian youths?. Asian journal of psychiatry, 29, 136-141.
Chu, C., Buchman-Schmitt, J. M., Stanley, I. H., Hom, M. A., Tucker, R. P., Hagan, C. R., ... & Joiner Jr, T. E. (2017). The interpersonal theory of suicide: A systematic review and meta-analysis of a decade of cross-national research. Psychological bulletin, 143(12), 1313.
Clark, D. M., & Wells, A. (1995). A cognitive model of social phobia. In R. Heimberg, M. R. Liebowitz, D. A. Hope & F. R. Schneier (Eds.), Social phobia: Diagnosis, assessment, and treatment (pp. 69-93).
Dat, N. T., Mitsui, N., Asakura, S., Watanabe, S., Takanobu, K., Fujii, Y., ... & Kusumi, I. (2021). The mediating role of hopelessness in the relationship between self-esteem, social anxiety, and suicidal ideation among Japanese university students who visited a university health care center. Journal of Affective Disorders Reports, 6, 100192.
Davidson, C. L., Wingate, L. R., Grant, D. M., Judah, M. R., & Mills, A. C. (2011). Interpersonal suicide risk and ideation: The influence of depression and social anxiety. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 30(8), 842-855.
Donnelly, H. K., Richardson, D., & Solberg, S. V. (2021). Understanding somatic symptoms associated with South Korean adolescent suicidal ideation, depression, and social anxiety. Behavioral Sciences, 11(11), 151.
Flay, B. R., Allred, C. G., & Ordway, N. (2001). Effects of the Positive Action program on achievement and discipline: Two matched-control comparisons. Prevention Science, 2(2), 71-89.
Gallagher, M., Prinstein, M. J., Simon, V., & Spirito, A. (2014). Social anxiety symptoms and suicidal ideation in a clinical sample of early adolescents: Examining loneliness and social support as longitudinal mediators. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 42(6), 871-883.
GurbanSabbagh, F., Masoumi, H., Khazaei, K. (2016). The mediating role of religious commitment in the relationship between social anxiety and suicidal ideation in adolescent female students of Varamin city. The Journal of New Advances in Behavioral Sciences, 2 (16), 1-12. (In Persian)
Habibi, M., Khalki, H., Abedi Parisa, H. & Prondvar, Z. (2018). Psychometric properties of children's and adolescents' hopelessness questionnaire. Congress of the Iranian Psychological Association, 5(1): 25-3. (In Persian)
Hagan, C. R., Podlogar, M. C., Chu, C., & Joiner, T. E. (2015). Testing the interpersonal theory of suicide: The moderating role of hopelessness. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 8(2), 99-113.
Hamilton, J. L., Shapero, B. G., Stange, J. P., Hamlat, E. J., Abramson, L. Y., & Alloy, L. B. (2013). Emotional maltreatment, peer victimization, and depressive versus anxiety symptoms during adolescence: Hopelessness as a mediator. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 42(3), 332-347.
Harmer B, Lee S, Duong TVH, Saadabadi A. (2022). Suicidal Ideation. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island.
Harter, S. (2015). The construction of the self: Developmental and sociocultural foundations. Guilford Publications.
Hashmati-Molaei, N., Jahangiri, F., Zandkarimi, G. (2016). Investigating the psychometric properties of Beck's suicidal ideation scale in adolescent girls.Fourth International Conference on Recent innovations in Psychology, Counseling and Behavioral Sciences, Tehran. (In Persian)
Hill, R. M., Castellanos, D., & Pettit, J. W. (2011). Suicide-related behaviors and anxiety in children and adolescents: a review. Clinical psychology review, 31(7), 1133-1144.
Joiner, T. (2002). New life in suicide science. In Suicide science (pp. 1-7). Springer, Boston, MA.
Joiner, T. E. (2005). Why people die by suicide. Harvard University Press.
Kessler, R. C., Borges, G., & Walters, E. E. (1999). Prevalence of and risk factors for lifetime suicide attempts in the National Comorbidity Survey. Archives of general psychiatry, 56(7), 617-626.
King, C. A., Kerr, D. C., Passarelli, M. N., Foster, C. E., & Merchant, C. R. (2010). One-year follow-up of suicidal adolescents: parental history of mental health problems and time to post-hospitalization attempt. Journal of youth and adolescence, 39(3), 219-232.
Lachal, J., Orri, M., Sibeoni, J., Moro, M. R., & Revah-Levy, A. (2015). Metasynthesis of youth suicidal behaviours: perspectives of youth, parents, and health care professionals. PLoS One, 10(5), e0127359.
Laghaei, M., Mehrabizadeh honarmand, M., & Arshadi, N. (2020). A structural equation modeling of students' suicidal ideation based on resilience and coping strategies with the mediating role of depression. Clinical Psychology Studies, 10(40), 27-46. (In Persian)
Leary, M. R. (2019). Self-presentation: Impression management and interpersonal behavior. Routledge.
Lin, C. C. (2015). The relationships among gratitude, self‐esteem, depression, and suicidal ideation among undergraduate students. Scandinavian journal of psychology, 56(6), 700-707.
Maleki, B. (2019). The role of implicit and explicit self-esteem in predicting depression syndromes, suicidal ideation and loneliness. Journal of Psychological Studies, 14(4), 91-106. (In Persian)
Manani, P., & Sharma, S. (2013). Self esteem and suicidal ideation: a correlational study. MIER Journal of Educational Studies Trends and Practices, 75-83.
Mikaeili, N., & Samadifard, H. R. (2019). The prediction of suicidal thoughts based on happiness, self-esteem and spiritual health among female teenagers. Journal of Research on Religion & Health, 5(3), 59–71. (In Persian)
Miller, A. B., Esposito-Smythers, C., & Leichtweis, R. N. (2015). Role of social support in adolescent suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Journal of Adolescent health, 56(3), 286-292.
Modaresesabzvari, S., & Nourigasemabadi, R. (2016).The role of rumination subtypes, hopelessness and depression in the prediction of suicidal ideations in college students. Journal of Resaerh in Psychological Health, 9 (4), 62-73. (In Persian)
Moon, C., & Snyder, C. R. (2000). Hope and the journey with AIDS. In Handbook of hope (pp. 341-353). Academic Press.
Nepon, J., Belik, S. L., Bolton, J., & Sareen, J. (2010). The relationship between anxiety disorders and suicide attempts: findings from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Depression and anxiety, 27(9), 791-798.
Nguyen, D. T., Wright, E. P., Dedding, C., Pham, T. T., & Bunders, J. (2019). Low self-esteem and its association with anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation in vietnamese secondary school students: a cross-sectional study. Frontiers in psychiatry, 698.
O’Beaglaoich, C., McCutcheon, J., Conway, P. F., Hanafin, J., & Morrison, T. G. (2020). Adolescent suicide ideation, depression and self-esteem: relationships to a new measure of gender role conflict. Frontiers in psychology, 111.
O'Connor, R. C., Cleare, S., Eschle, S., Wetherall, K., & Kirtley, O. J. (2016). The integrated motivational‐volitional model of suicidal behavior: An update. The international handbook of suicide prevention, 220-240.
Pourhossein, R., Farhoudi, F., Amiri, M., Janbozorgi, M., Reza’i Bidakhvidi, A., & Nourollahi, F. (2014). The relationship of suicidal thoughts, depression, anxiety, resilience, daily stress and mental health in university of Tehran students. Clinical Psychology Studies, 4(14), 21-40. (In Persian)
Rajabi, G., & Karjo Ksmai, S. (2012). A study of confirmatory structure two-factor model of the persian version rosenberg self-esteem scale. Psychological Methods and Models, 2(6), 33-43. (In Persian)
Reid-Russell, A., Miller, A. B., Cvencek, D., Meltzoff, A. N., & McLaughlin, K. A. (2021). Lower implicit self-esteem as a pathway linking childhood abuse to depression and suicidal ideation. Development and psychopathology, 1-15.
Ribeiro, J. D., Huang, X., Fox, K. R., & Franklin, J. C. (2018). Depression and hopelessness as risk factors for suicide ideation, attempts and death: meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 212(5), 279-286.
Rosellini, A. J., & Bagge, C. L. (2014). Temperament, hopelessness, and attempted suicide: Direct and indirect effects. Suicide and Life‐Threatening Behavior, 44(4), 353-361.
Snyder, C. R., Harris, C., Anderson, J. R., Holleran, S. A., Irving, L. M., Sigmon, S. T., ... & Harney, P. (1991). The will and the ways: development and validation of an individual-differences measure of hope. Journal of personality and social psychology, 60(4), 570.
Soares, F. C., Hardman, C. M., Rangel Junior, J. F., Bezerra, J., Petribú, K., Mota, J., ... & Lima, R. A. (2020). Secular trends in suicidal ideation and associated factors among adolescents. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 42, 475-480.
Van Orden, K. A., Witte, T. K., Cukrowicz, K. C., Braithwaite, S. R., Selby, E. A., & Joiner Jr, T. E. (2010).The interpersonal theory of suicide. Psychological review, 117(2), 575.
Wan, Y., Chen, R., Wang, S., Orton, S., Wang, D., Zhang, S., ... & Tao, F. (2019). Effects of self-esteem on the association between negative life events and suicidal ideation in adolescents. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(16), 2846.
Yu, S. S. V., & Sung, H. E. (2015). Suicidal ideation of probationers. Crisis, 36(6), 424-32.