Introduction of famous schools and observatories of Azerbaijan in the ninth century AH

Subject Areas : Epistemological and methodological researcher of historical research

shahrokh khosrvimahtaj ¹ , sattar oudi ² , ramezan rezayi ³

1 - PhD student in History and Civilization of Islamic Nations, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran-Iran
2 - Associate Professor, Department of History, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran-Iran
3 - Assistant Professor of History, University of Tehran, Tehran-Iran

Received: 2022-05-18 Accepted : 2022-09-08 Published : 2022-05-22

Keywords: Azerbaijan, Schools, ninth century AH, scientific and educational centers, observatories,

Abstract :

With the coming to power of the Ilkhans, the scientific and cultural community of Iran emerged from the passivity of decades of Mongol rule. The religious tolerance of the Ilkhans had a special effect on the growth of culture and education in this era. And northwestern Iran and the development of science in this area The present study seeks to answer the question of what was the scientific status of the scientific centers of Azerbaijan in the ninth century AH and what were the social consequences of emphasizing religion? The research method is descriptive-analytical. The results show that schools were the most important scientific centers of the ninth century, which were superior to other centers both in terms of the number and amount of educational activities. During this period many schools were built to spread and spread science. The main sciences taught in schools during this period were theology, mathematics and philosophy. On the other hand, as a remarkable result, in the scientific activities after the Mongol invasion, the fanatical and dry religious spirit that prevailed in the caliphate during the reign of the Sunni religions, disappeared in the ninth century. And ignored their importance alongside schools, because the establishment of an observatory such as the Maragheh Observatory with a group of thinkers at the time played a very important role in the spread of science and knowledge in this region.