Vulnerability of urban neighborhoods to earthquakes with a focus on enhancing resilience (Region 7, Zone 1)
Subject Areas : landusemahmoud kojoori gashniani 1 , سیمین ارمغان 2 * , بهرام آزاد بخت 3
1 - PHD student of Political Geography, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Yadgar Imam Khomeini (RA)-Shahrari Unit, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 - Assistant Professor of Geography and Rural Planning, Department of Geography, Yadgar Imam Khomeini (RA)-Shahrari Unit, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 - Assistant Professor of Geography and Rural Planning, Department of Geography, Yadgar Imam Khomeini (RA)-Shahrari Unit, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Keywords: Vulnerability, Resilience, Crisis Management, Earthquake, Region , Tehran, Iran.,
Abstract :
Background and Objective: In recent decades, natural disasters such as earthquakes in Iran indicate that human societies and local economies are more at risk and vulnerabilities have increased. Therefore, cities play a vital role as the scene of incidents, making enhancing post-earthquake resilience in urban areas very important. Region 1 of Tehran city, due to its location on a fault line and extensive urban challenges, is considered one of the vulnerable communities to earthquakes. Consequently, region 7 faces more resilience challenges due to the concentration of high-rise buildings, lack of open spaces, and crisis management issues compared to other areas.
Material and Methodology: The aim of this research is to assess the vulnerability of neighborhoods in region 7 to earthquakes with a focus on resilience. This study is considered applied research in terms of data collection method, which is survey-based, and falls under quantitative research in terms of data nature. The primary tool for collecting field data in this research is the TOPSIS questionnaire, tailored based on previous research and preliminary studies to align the questionnaire with the conditions and requirements of local government services. The statistical population of the research consists of all experts in the field of crisis management and urban planning, with a sample size estimated at 40 individuals based on the Cochran formula.
Findings: The current study utilized the average test in SPSS software and the TOPSIS multi-criteria decision-making method in MATLAB software to assess the level of resilience in neighborhoods.
Discussion and Conclusions: The results indicated that the highest challenges in urban resilience in region 7 are related to institutional and environmental-physical resilience. The neighborhoods of Tajrish, Bagh Ferdows, and Gheytarieh exhibit lower values in terms of urban resilience indicators against earthquakes. Among them, Tajrish demonstrates a higher level of resilience at 0.73 compared to Bagh Ferdows and then Gheytarieh.
.
1. Tsai, C. H., Wu, T. C., Wall, G., & Linliu, S. C. (2016). Perceptions of tourism impacts and community resilience to natural disasters. Tourism Geographies, 18(2), 152-173.
2. Gill, D. A., & Ritchie, L. A. (2018). Contributions of technological and natech disaster research to the social science disaster paradigm. Handbook of disaster research, 39-60.
3. Kostianoy, A. G., Zonn, I. S., & Kostianaia, E. A. (2016). Geographic characteristics of the Black-Caspian Seas region. Oil and Gas Pipelines in the Black-Caspian Seas Region, 7-36.
4. Böhm, G., & Pfister, H. R. (2017). The perceiver’s social role and a risk’s causal structure as determinants of environmental risk evaluation. Journal of Risk Research, 20(6), 732-759.
5. Saghaei, M., Azadeh, S. R., Fadaeijazi, F., & Jafari, F. (2020). The Analysis of Key Factors Influencing the Expansion of Rural Migration with Eemphasis on the Issue of Informa Settlement (Case Study: Shirabad Neighborhood in Zahedan). Journal of Research and Rural Planning, 9(3), 15-33. Scientific Base of National Science Data, (2023).
6. Partovi, Parvin, Behzadfar, Mostafa, Shirani, Zahra (2016): "Urban Design and Social Resiliency Case Study: Jolfa Neighborhood of Tehran", Architecture and Urban Planning, No. 17, 99-117(fa).(In Persian)
7. Devkota, K. (2018). Challenges of inclusive urbanization in the face of political transition in Nepal. In Handbook of research on urban governance and management in the developing world (pp. 159-171). IGI Global.
8. Behmai, Hojjat (2012) An analysis of passive defense in oil cities with an emphasis on physical-spatial dimensions (case study: Omidiye city), master's thesis in the field of geography and urban planning, Isfahan University (fa). (In Persian)
9. Faraji, Amin, and Qarakhlo, Mehdi (2009). Earthquake and urban crisis management (case study: Babol city). Geography, 8(25), 143-164. https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/. (fa)viewpaper.aspx?id=112490. (In Persian)
10. Rezaei, Mohammadreza (2009), explaining the resilience of urban communities in order to reduce the effects of natural disasters (earthquake); Case study: Tehran Metropolis, Ph.D. Dissertation in Geography and Urban Planning, page 50-59. (In Persian)
11. Meerow, S., & Newell, J. P. (2021). Urban resilience for whom, what, when, where, and why?. In Geographic Perspectives on Urban Sustainability (pp. 43-63). Routledge.
12. Ma, H., Chiu, Y. H., Tian, X., Zhang, J., & Guo, Q. (2020). Safety or travel: Which is more important? The impact of disaster events on tourism. Sustainability, 12(7), 3038.
13. Böhm, G., & Pfister, H. R. (2017). The perceiver’s social role and a risk’s causal structure as determinants of environmental risk evaluation. Journal of Risk Research, 20(6), 732-759.
14. El Rafei, M., Sherwood, S., Evans, J., & Dowdy, A. (2023). Analysis and characterisation of extreme wind gust hazards in New South Wales, Australia. Natural Hazards, 117(1), 875-895.
15. Pinar, A. (2017). What is secondary school students’ awareness on disasters? A case study. Review of International Geographical Education Online, 7(3), 315-331.
16. Kais, S. M., & Islam, M. S. (2016). Community capitals as community resilience to climate change: Conceptual connections. International journal of environmental research and public health, 13(12), 1211.
17. The Deputy of Transportation Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, 2020. (In Persian)
18. fakhrqazi mona, Pourramzan Eisa, molaei hashjin nasrollah. 2022. Economic resilience of rural settlements in the Aoj County against environmental hazards with an emphasis on earthquakes. Spatial economy and rural development; 11 (41): 76-57.(In Persian)
19. Abedini Musa, Eshghi Chaharborj Ali, Alavi Saeedeh. 1401, Evaluation of the physical resilience of the city in different earthquake scenarios, a case study: Sixth district of Tehran. Geographical Space 22 (78): 191-211. (In Persian)
20. Namjooyan, F., Razavian, M. T., & Sarvar, R. (2019). Enhancing Tehran Resilience against Natural Hazards with Emphasis on Earthquake (Case Study: 12th District of Tehran Municipality). Human Geography Research, 51(4). (In Persian)
21. Arvin M, Ziari K.(2018)Measuring social vulnerability and social resilience against disaster earthquake.10 (1).
22. Prasath, S., & Umashankar, K. (2023). Livelihood resilience of smallholder dairy farmers against external shocks: a case study in the northern dry zone of Sri Lanka.
23. Wilson, G. A., Schermer, M., & Stotten, R. (2018). The resilience and vulnerability of remote mountain communities: The case of Vent, Austrian Alps. Land Use Policy, 71, 372-383.
24. Li, G., Kou, C., Wang, Y., & Yang, H. (2020). System dynamics modelling for improving urban resilience in Beijing, China. Resources, conservation and recycling, 161, 104954.
25. Poorahamad, Ahmad; Ziyari, Karamatollah; Abedali, Ya'qub, & Aligholipour, Sara (2019). Analysis of Resilience Criteria in the Context of Urban Decayed Fabric against Earthquakes with Emphasis on Physical Resilience (Case: District 10 of Tehran Municipality). Journal of Urban Research and Planning, 19(36), 1-21.
26. Villegas-González, P. A., Ramos-Cañón, A. M., González-Méndez, M., González-Salazar, R. E., & De Plaza-Solórzano, J. S. (2017). Territorial vulnerability assessment frame in Colombia: Disaster risk management. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 21, 384-395.
27. Hewitt, K. (2019). The idea of calamity in a technocratic age. In Interpretations of calamity (pp. 3-32). Routledge.
28. Alexander, D. (2018). A magnitude scale for cascading disasters. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 30, 180-185.
29. Safari Aliakbari, M. (2022). Investigating Factors Affecting the Economic and Social Resilience of Rural Areas (Case Study, Kermanshah County). Spatial Planning, 12(4), 43-64. (fa)
30. Sheykhali, M., Asadollahfardi, G., & Emamzadeh, S. S. (2020). Evaluation of the vulnerability of water supply facilities using the AHP and RAMCAP combined methods. Amirkabir Journal of Civil Engineering, 52(5), 1205-1220.(fa)
31. habibi,Ja'far,(2023),Statistics and Research Methods by Habibi, Mahan Publications.
32. The scientific database of the country's sciences, 1402. (In Persian)
33. Aqanbati, Seyed Ali (2004). Geology of Iran. Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration of Iran. Saghaei, M., Azadeh, S. R., Fadaeijazi, F., & Jafari, F. (2020). The Analysis of Key Factors Influencing the Expansion of Rural Migration with Eemphasis on the Issue of Informal Settlement (Case Study: Shirabad Neighborhood in Zahedan). Journal of Research and Rural Planning, 9(3), 15-33. Scientific Base of National Science Data, (2023).
34. Sheykhali, M., Asadollahfardi, G., & Emamzadeh, S. S. (2020). Evaluation of the vulnerability of water supply facilities using the AHP and RAMCAP combined methods. Amirkabir Journal of Civil Engineering, 52(5), 1205-1220.(fa)
35. Shi-Jin, W., & Lan-Yue, Z. (2019). Integrated impacts of climate change on glacier tourism. Advances in Climate Change Research, 10(2), 71-79.
36. Tsai, C. H., Wu, T. C., Wall, G., & Linliu, S. C. (2016). Perceptions of tourism impacts and community resilience to natural disasters. Tourism Geographies, 18(2), 152-173.
37. Villegas-González, P. A., Ramos-Cañón, A. M., González-Méndez, M., González-Salazar, R. E., & De Plaza-Solórzano, J. S. (2017). Territorial vulnerability assessment frame in Colombia: Disaster risk management. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 21, 384-395.