Number 28 Volume 8

Open Access Article

1 - Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Water and Sediment of Ghare Bagh Drainage (Southeast Shiraz)
Elham Bikineh Farid Moore Behnan Keshavarzi Vahideh Sheykhi

In this study, Ghare Bagh drainage in southeast Shiraz is investigated. Ghare Bagh drainage receives dischargeof Shiraz Industrial Complex effluent, irrigation-return flows, and sewage of upstream villages before reachingMaharlu Lake. Sediment and water heavy metal cont More

In this study, Ghare Bagh drainage in southeast Shiraz is investigated. Ghare Bagh drainage receives dischargeof Shiraz Industrial Complex effluent, irrigation-return flows, and sewage of upstream villages before reachingMaharlu Lake. Sediment and water heavy metal contents and physicochemical parameters of this drainage aredetermined and discussed in this study. The results showed a decreasing trend in heavy metals abundance inwater samples as Zn > Ni > Cu > Pb > Mo > As > Co > Cd and in sediment samples as Cr > Ni > Zn > Cu > Co> Pb > Mo > As > Cd. Pollution assessment was carried out by calculating Enrichment Factor, GeoaccumulationIndex, Contamination Factor, and Contamination Degree. The results revealed that Ghare Bagh drainagesediments are moderately to heavily polluted with Mo, Zn, Ni, Cr, and in some stations with Pb. In order toestablish interelemental relationships and indicate the sources of elements, Correlation Coefficients andPrincipal Component Analysis (PCA) were implemented on data. Principal components analysis of sedimentsamples showed that Ni is mainly originated natural environment, probably the parent rocks, while the rest ofelements (except Cr) have anthropogenic origins. Cr probably is originated from both anthropogenic and naturalsources. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Environmental Geochemistry and Geology of Dusts in Ray City
Mohammad Yazdi Hamideh Soltanzadeh Aida Biati

In the following research 19 samples were collected from dust of the main streets of Ray City in dry conditionsof the summer and wet conditions of the winter in heavy traffic time of evening. The samples were analyzed byICP-OES for 49 elements such as Pb, Zn, and Cu, As More

In the following research 19 samples were collected from dust of the main streets of Ray City in dry conditionsof the summer and wet conditions of the winter in heavy traffic time of evening. The samples were analyzed byICP-OES for 49 elements such as Pb, Zn, and Cu, As, Fe, Ni, Cr, Cd, Mn and Bi. Also, 15 samples wereanalyzed by XRF to determine major oxide and minor elements. The enrichment factors and Mullergeoaccumulation index were calculated for these samples. Data processing shows enrichment in Ag ٬Pb ٬Zn ٬Cu ٬As ٬S ٬Ba ٬U ٬Zr ٬Sr, Hf levels relative to earth's crust. The results of enrichment factors indices indicatethat Ag ٬Pb ٬Zn ٬Cu, Hg ٬S٬ have the highest enrichment level. Muller geoaccumulation index is representedhigh pollution range for Ag ٬Pb ٬Zn ٬S in all streets. The results show that this high pollution are related toTehran refinery, metallurgical activities, erosion of Holly Shrine of Abudalazim and vehicles (fossil fuelcombustion). Finally we used one-step chemical separation method to calculate the anthropogenic and nonanthropogenic ratio. The samples were analysed by ASS for Pb, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Co. The results show thatthe anthropogenic effects of these elements are more than that of non- anthropogenic factors. It is because of thegreat influence of using natural resources in the productions of concrete factory Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Elemental Pollution of Au, Cu, Ag in West of Baghat (North of Hajiabad)
Mohamad Poosti Abdolhamid Amiri Mashalah Moradi Shazdi Safari

The study area is Sanandaj-Sirjan zone in Hormozgan province. The place has undergone great metamorphismand magmatism and is the most active structural region of Iran, from geological perspective. Magmatism andmetamorphism processes caused noticeable increase in the pot More

The study area is Sanandaj-Sirjan zone in Hormozgan province. The place has undergone great metamorphismand magmatism and is the most active structural region of Iran, from geological perspective. Magmatism andmetamorphism processes caused noticeable increase in the potentiality of the mineral elements in the region.Gold, iron, copper, chromite, porcelain and stone façade and silica are the main potential elements. The area ismainly formed by Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks. According to geochemical studies of rocks and rivers, theamount of gold shows 4 times and coppers, 116 times of Clark enrichment limit. Based on the geochemical dataand XRD data analysis and the existence of the collection of minerals such as chlorite, epidote, albite, calcite,and pyrite, the possibility of having a zone of alteration zone propylitic is very high. Also, in some areas, due tothe abundance of epidote it is possible to find epidotic alteration. Penetration of Andezites into limestone rockscauses Pyrite and Hematite alteration. Due to the porosity of the limestone and the alterations mentioned, thelimestone (western part of the area) is a suitable context for copper and gold mineralization which needs furtherresearch. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Investigating Arsenic Contamination and Pathways into Livestocks of Tekab Area, West Azerbaijan Province
Fatemeh Hashemi Farid Moore Behnam Keshavarzi Alireza Rahmani Shahraki Reza Sharifi

To investigate the effects of livestock's arsenic toxicity in the study area, arsenic concentration measured in thesoil, forage and potable water along with livestock blood samples. Concentrations of arsenic in drinking waterof livestock is less than permissible concent More

To investigate the effects of livestock's arsenic toxicity in the study area, arsenic concentration measured in thesoil, forage and potable water along with livestock blood samples. Concentrations of arsenic in drinking waterof livestock is less than permissible concentration level reported by USEPA, WHO. Calculation ofgeoaccumulation index and Contamination factor indicate that most of the agricultural soils in the study area arecontaminated by arsenic. Comparison of arsenic mean concentration indicates that arsenic concentration is 53times greater than standard concentration in livestock forage. However, arsenic concentrations in blood samplesare higher than the control area, but still in the normal range. Hematological indices such as HB, RBC, PCV arenormal. The results suggest that despite the high concentration of arsenic in soil and plants, it has not beenpassed to livestock. This study shows that arsenic contamination in drinking water is probably the mostimportant rout for passing arsenic to livestock in contaminated areas. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - The Effect of Heavy Metals (Cu, Cd, Zn, Cr , Ni) onDiversity and Density of Benthic Foraminifera in the Sediments of the Southern Coast of Caspian Sea (From Abbas-Abad to Ramsar)
Mona Eghbali Setareh Piroozmanesh Babak Moghaddasi Masomeh Sohrabi Pargol Ghavam Mostafavi

In order to identify and assess the relationship between Benthic Foraminifera with environmental factors andheavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni, Cr and Cu) the effects of these metals on the variety and condensation of BenthicForaminifera on the southern coast of the Caspian S More

In order to identify and assess the relationship between Benthic Foraminifera with environmental factors andheavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni, Cr and Cu) the effects of these metals on the variety and condensation of BenthicForaminifera on the southern coast of the Caspian Sea (between Abas Abad and Ramsar) were studied. Sampleswere gathered in May 2012 from 5 transects at four depths (5, 10, 15 and 20 meters). The extent ofenvironmental factors of sea floor adjacent waters such as electrical conductivity (EC), salinity, temperature,acidity (pH), dissolved oxygen during sampling and concentration of heavy metals, total organic matters(T.O.M) and the diameter of sediment particles were determined through laboratory procedures. Averageconcentration for the heavy metals were Pb 48/08, Cd 3/30 and Cu 20/86,Zn 64/76, Ni 36/50 and Cr 36/92 partsper million (ppm), also the mean diameter of the sediment particles was 0/21 mm and the average percentage ofthe total organic matter was 3/59. Average water temperature near the sea floor was 26/09 ° C, EC 18/62 µs/cm,salinity 13 parts per thousand, acidity 8/34 and dissolved oxygen 9/98 milligrams per liter. Results from thedensity and diversity of Foraminifera show a dominant species of Ammonia beccarii from the four species ofbenthic. It shows that this species belongs to three genera of 3 families coming from the same line. Most of thedeposits in this region were fine sand, very fine sand, silt, and clay. Results show an increase in the frequencyand density of Foraminifera with the increase of silt and clay. Positive correlation between the diversity ofForaminifera and environmental factors like dissolved oxygen, organic matters, depth and electricalconductivity in the region under study shows an increase of condensation of this group with an increase in theextent of the factors pre-mentioned. Also a negative correlation between the diversity of Foraminifera, Zn andCr shows a decrease of condensation when these metals increase. Finally no significant difference or correlationwas seen regarding the diversity of Foraminifera, environmental factors and heavy metals. . Also Chromiumshowed noticeable difference in the depths under study as in deeper depths the amount of Cr decreased.. Finally,the existence of Benthic Foraminifera with morphological abnormalities in the structure of the crust in thisregion indicates the presence of pollution in the sea floor. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - A Study of the Effects of Purkan Village Wastewater Refinery on Qualitative Parameters of Karaj River
Faezeh Hosseini Amir hesam Hasani Amir hossein Javid Mojtaba Sayadi

Today the River of Karaj is exposed to all kinds of pollutions and destruction of ecosystem because of thedestructive effects of Tehran, a city with millions of residents. So it is important to examine the quality of thewater of this river to collect information about t More

Today the River of Karaj is exposed to all kinds of pollutions and destruction of ecosystem because of thedestructive effects of Tehran, a city with millions of residents. So it is important to examine the quality of thewater of this river to collect information about the current situation. The objective of this study is to find out therole of the Purkan sanitary wastewater refinery on the quality of the water of the river. In current study, sampleswere collected from four stations: into, out of, before, and after the refinery, in seasonal form, four stages.Concentration of NO3,NH3,PO4,BOD5,COD,TSS,pH indices were tested according to methods suggested bystandard methods reference. Considering the results of the samples, data analysis was done using statistics. Theresults of physical , chemical and microbial analyses of the samples show that the refinery has no good role indecreasing basic parameters such as COD, TSS and FC (specially in summer season). In many cases, theparameters were more than the limit. The water in the river has an almost fixed condition, so; entrance of thewastewater into Karaj River does not show a great negative effect. As a result, it seems necessary to make aprogram to find a solution to remove the problems. Prevention of the direct entrance of the wastewater into theriver, modification of refinery function, optimization of filteration, and the use of wastewater in artificialirrigater may help remove these problems. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Geochemical Modeling of Heavy Metals Pollution, Emphasizing on Cu-Pb by Using Remote Sensing in South of Kashan
Mehran Farahmandian Ali Ghasemi Sohrab Afshari Mahdi Shabankareh

Structurally, south of Kashan is a part of Orumieh-dokhtar zone. Late stage fluids of the Oligo-Miocenegranodiorite have been influenced Eocene volcanic rocks, that caused argillic, sericitic, propyllitic, calc-silicate,iron oxides and silisification alteration zones. B More

Structurally, south of Kashan is a part of Orumieh-dokhtar zone. Late stage fluids of the Oligo-Miocenegranodiorite have been influenced Eocene volcanic rocks, that caused argillic, sericitic, propyllitic, calc-silicate,iron oxides and silisification alteration zones. Based on the cluster analysis of samples, the elements can bedivided into two groups of Cu-Co-Cd and Pb-Zn-As. Distribution of the metals in the two groups has a goodadaptation with argillic and calc-silicate alteration zones respectively. According to ICP-MS analysis, minimumand maximum of Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, As and Co is (1.5-459), (1-623), (>2.97), (14-413), (0.5-21) and (1.5-17) ppmcorrespondingly. On the basis of the soil standard, there is some Cu & Pb contamination. Combinedmultiplicative calculation show good correlation with both argillic as well as clac-silicate alterations and Cu &Pb pollution. Kriging estimation has been documented maximum Cu & Pb anomalies occurred in the southernpart of area, on igneous rocks. Field relationship, remote sensing data and geostatic calculations stronglysupport; granodiorite body has been generated Cu & Pb pollution. Otherwise fluids caused hydrothermalalteration, which enriched those elements. Manuscript profile

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