Sedimentary environment, reservoir quality and biostratigraphy of the Dariyan Formation in one of the southeast Persian Gulf fields

Subject Areas :

Minasadat Hashemi ¹ , Davood Jahani ² , Seyed Mohsen Aleali ³ , Ali Kadkhodaie ⁴ , Bita Arbab ⁵

1 - Department of earth science, Islamic Azad University,, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
2 - Department of Geology, faculty of basic sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 - Department of Earth Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAU), Tehran, Iran
4 - Department of Geology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
5 - Senior specialist of Petrophysic studies,, Department of Petrophysics,, Offshore Oil Company,, Tehran,, Iran

Received: 2023-04-22 Accepted : 2023-12-11 Published : 2024-04-27

Keywords: Sedimentary environments, Biostratigraphy, Aptian, Reservoir quality, Dariyan Formation, Persian Gulf,

Abstract :

Abstract In the study of the Dariyan Formation (Shoaiba Fm.) in one of the southeastern fields of the Persian Gulf, the sedimentary environment and biostratigraphy of these deposits were investigated on the cores which obtained from this formation. In the studies of the sedimentary environment, seven carbonate microfacies and one mixed carbonate-clastic microfacies were identified, which represent the deposition of the Dariyan Formation in four facies belts, including the inner ramp, middle ramp, outer ramp and deep basin. Also, uniform facies changes, the absence of rudists forming large reefs and the replacement of Lithocodium algae with them indicate the homoclinal carbonate ramp environment. In biostratigraphic studies based on foraminifera and calcareous algae, five biozones were identified, which represent the Aptian age for this formation. By combining the geological studies, the results obtained from the routine analysis of the cores and the evaluation of petrophysical logs, the reservoir quality of this formation was also studied, which indicated the good reservoir quality in parts of these deposits and especially the layers bearing Lithocodium algae. Based on these studies, the Dariyan Formation is one of the important reservoir formations in the east of the Persian Gulf.

References:

- آدابی، م.، عباسی، ر.، (1388)، بررسی تاریخچه دیاژنتیکی سازند داریان بر اساس مطالعات پترو گرافی و ژئوشیمیایی در کوه سیاه شمال شرق شیراز و چاه شماره 1 سبزپوشان ، مجله علوم دانشگاه تهران.
- امیری، م.، رحیم پور بناب، ح.، اسدی، ا.، صرفی، م.،(1390)، محيط رسوبي و چينه نگاري سکانسي سازند داريان در ميدان گازي پارس جنوبي، پژوهشهای چینه نگاری و رسوب شناسی، صفحه 63 تا 86.
- رحيم پور بناب، ح.، مرادی، م.، ناصری، ز.، رضايی، م. ر.، (1381)، ويژگی‌های مخزنی و محيط رسوبی سازند داريان در خليج فارس (از تنگه هرمز تا منتهی اليه شمال غربی خليج فارس)، دانشگاه تهران.
- سعدی راد، ف.، موسوی حرمی، ر.، محبوبی، ا.، محمودی قرائی، م.ح.، آرمون، ا.، (1389)، تاريخچه رسو بگذاری و پس از رسوب گذاری سازند داريان در ميدان نفتی آزادگان، بيست و نهمين گردهمايی علوم زمين، سازمان زمين شناسي و اكتشافات معدني كشور، 8- 1.
- شمیرانی، ا.، سید امامی، ک.، امیری بختیار، ح.، قلاوند، ه.،
(1379)، یافته‌های نوین سنگ چینه شناسی و زیست چینه شناسی سازندهای دارایان و کژدمی در جنوب غرب ایران، چهارمين همايش انجمن زمين شناسی ايران، دانشگاه تبريز.
- لاسمی، ی.، سیاهی، م.، (1384)، محیطهای رسوبی و چینه نگاری سکانسی سازند داریان در بخش جنوبی فروافتادگی دزفول، برش خامی و چاه سولابدر-3، نهمین همایش انجمن زمین شناسی ایران.
- موسوی زاده، م.، (1398)، لایه‌های قرمز اقیانوسی کرتاسه، مدلی برای بررسی تغییرات سریع شرایط ژئوشیمیایی در محیطهای رسوبی عمیق، دو فصلنامه رسوب شناسی کاربردی،
7، 14 ، 45 - 34
- هاشمی، م.، (1397)، تحلیل کیفیت مخزنی سازند داریان در منطقه شرق خلیج‌فارس بر اساس نمودارهای مرسوم و تصویری پتروفیزیکی و مقایسه با سازند شوئیبا در ناحیه عمان، پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه آزاد، علوم و تحقیقات، 196 ص.
- هاشمی، م.، جهانی، د.، آل علی، م.، کدخدایی، ع.، ارباب، ب.، (1402)، ریزرخساره‌ها، محیط‌رسوبی و دیاژنز سازند داریان در جنوب‌شرق خلیج ‌فارس، پژوهش‌نفت، شماره 128، صفحه 108 تا 132، (DOI:10.22078/PR.2022. 4943. 3204).
- Alsharhan, A.S., (1985), Depositional Environ-ments, Reservoir Units Evolution and Hydrocarbon Habitat of Shuaiba Formation, Lower Cretaceous, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 69, 899-912.
- Alsharhan, A.S., (2014), Petroleum systems in the Middle East. In: Rollinson H R, Searle M P, Abbasi A I, Al-Lazki A I, Al Kindi M H (Eds) Tectonic Evolution of the Oman Mountains, 392, Geological Society London, 361-408, https://doi.org/10.1144/ SP392.19.
- Alsharhan, A.S., Nairn, A.E.M., (1986), A review of the Cretaceous formations in the Arabian Peninsula and Gulf: Part I. Lower Cretaceous (Thamama Group) stratigraphy and paleogeo-graphy, Journal of Petroleum Geology, 9, 365-392.
- Arnaud-Vanneau, A., (1980), Micropaléontolo-gie, paléoécologie, et sédimentologie d'une plate-forme carbonatée de la marge passive de la Téthys: l'Urgonien du Vercors septentrional et de la Chartreuse (Alpes occidentales). Géologie Alpine Mem. 11(1-3): 1-874. https://tel.archives-ouvertes. fr/tel-00662977.
- Arnaud-Vanneau, A., Sliter, W., (1995), Early Cretaceous Shallow-Water Benthic Foraminifers and Fecal Pellets from Leg 143 Compared with Coeval Faunas from the Pacific Basin, Centeral America, and the Tethys. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, 143, 537-564. https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.143.252.1995.
- Bahrehvar, M, Mehrabi, H, Rahimpour-Bonab, H., (2020), Coated grain petrography and geo-chemistry as palaeo-environmental proxies for the Aptian strata of the southern NeoTethys Ocean, Persian Gulf, Iran, Facies, 66, 1:3,1-23.
- Bartenstein, H., Kovatcheva, T., (1982), A comparison of Aptian Foraminifera in Bulgaria and North West Germany. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 75(3): 621-667. https://doi.org/ 10.5169/ seals-165246.
- Blumenbach, J.F., (1805), Abbildungen naturhistorischer Gegenstände. Göttingen. 8(80): 1-2, lxxx.
- Bolli, H.M., (1959), Planktonic foraminifera from the Cretaceous of Trinidad, B.W.I. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 39: 257-277.
- Bolz, H., (1977), Reappraisal of the biozonation of the Bangestan Group (late Aptian–Early Campanian) of southwest Iran. Iranian offshore company, Tehran, Report, 1252.
- Bonet, F., (1956), Zonificatión microfaunistica de las calizas cretácicas del este México. XX Congr. Geol. Int.
- Carras, N., Conrad, M. A., Radoičić, R., (2004), Salpingoporella, a common genus of Mesozoic Dasycladales (calcareous green algae). Revue de Paléobiologie, Genève, 25 (2): 457-517.
- Dalvand, M., Ashrafzadeh, A., Ahmadi, Z., (2015), Crustacean microcoprolites from Lower Cretaceous and Oligo-Miocene deposits, Persian Gulf, Iran. J. Micropalaeontology, 34, 211–216.
- Dunham, R.J., (1962), Classification of carbonate rocks according to depositional texture In: Ham W E, Classification of carbonate rocks.American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir.1 pp. 108-121.
- Elliott, G.F., (1956), Further Records of Fossil Calcareous Algae from the Middle East. Micropaleontology 2 (4): 327-334.
- Embry, Z.R., Klovan, E.J. (1972), Absolute water depth limits of late Devonian paleoecological zones, Geologische Rundschau, 61: 672–686, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01896340.
- Flügel, E., (2004), Microfacies of carbonate rocks, Berline, Springer, 976p.
- Folk, R.L., (1962), Spectral subdivision of limestone types, in Ham, W.E., ed., Classification of carbonate Rocks-A Symposium: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 1, p. 62-84.
- Fossa-Mancini, E., (1928), Foraminifere del calcare grigio di Sciusciul (Lago Pancong). In: Dainelli G. (ed.), Relazioni Scientifiche della Spedizione Italiana De Filippi, nell'Himàlaia, Caracorùm e Turchestàn cinese (1913-1914), (Serie II, Resultati geologici e geografici), vol. 6: 189-223.
- Fourcade, E., Raoult, J.F., Vila, J.M., (1972), Debarina hahounerensis n.gen. n.sp. nouveau Lituolide (foraminifère) du Crétacé inférieur constantinois (Algérie). Comptes rendus hebdoma-daires des séances de l'Académie des sciences. série D, 274(2): 191-193. http://gallica. bnf.fr/ark:/ 12148/ bpt6k5748432m/f221.
- Glaessner, M.F., (1937), Studien über Foraminiferen aus der Kreide und dem Tertiär des Kaukasus; I-Die Foraminiferen der altesten Tertiärschichten des Nordwest-kaukasus. Проблемы палеонтологии-Problems of Paleonto-logy (Laboratory of Paleontology Moscow Univer-sity). vol. 2-3: 349-410.
- Gorbachik, T.N., (1986), Jurassic and Early Cretaceous Planktonic Foraminifera of the South of the USSR. AN SSSR, ‘Nauka’, Moscow, 239 pp. [In Russian].
- Iovceva, P.M., (1962), Foraminiferi ot oolitnite vorovitsi na Apta po R. Rusenski Lom [Foraminifera from the oolitic Iimestones of the Aptian along the Rusenski Lom River], Spisanie na Bulgarskoto Geologichesko Druzhestvo, Sofia 23(1):41-61.
- James, G. A., Wynd, J.G., (1965), Stratigraphic nomenclature of Iranian oil consortium agreement area: American Association of Petroleum Geo-logists Bulletin, v. 49, p. 2182-2245.
- Loeblich, A.R., Tappan, H., (1988), Foraminiferal Genera and Their Classification: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New Yourk, 2 Volumes, 970 p.
- Longoria, J.F., (1974), Stratigraphic, morpho-logic and taxonomic studies of Aptian planktonic foraminifera. Revista Española de Micro-paleontología, Numero Extraordinario. 5-107.
- Luperto Sinni, E., (1979), Praechrysalidina infrocretacea n. gen. n. sp. (Foraminiferida) del Cretaceo Inferiore delle Murge Baresi, Studi Geologici e Morfologici sulla Regione Pugliese V, Istituto di Geologia e Paleontologia. Bari: Univer-sita degli Studi di Bari, pp. 1-16.
- Magniez, E., (1972), Spiroplectamminoides, nouveau genre de Foraminifères des Formations Para-Urgoniennes Cantabriques (Espagne), Revista Española de Micropaleontologia, numero Extra-ordinario, XXX Anniversario Empresso Nacional Adaro, Madrid, pp. 179-198.
- Mehrabi, H., Rahimpour-Bonab, H., Al-Aasm, I., Hajikazemi, E., Esrafili-Dizaji, B., Dalvand, M., Omidvar, M., (2018), Palaeo-exposure surfaces in the Aptian Dariyan Formation, Offshore SW Iran, Geochemistry and reservoir implications, Journal of Petroleum Geology, 41, 4: 467–494, https://doi.org/10.1111/jpg.12717.
- Moullade, M., (1966), Etude stratigraphique et micropaleontologique du Crétacé inférieur de la "fosse vocontienne". Document des Laboratoires de Géologie de la Faculté des Sciences de Lyon. 15: 1-369.
- Neagu, T., (1984), Nouvelles données sur la morphologie du test, sur la systématique et la nomenclature des Miliolides Agatisthègues [sic] du Mésozoïque. Revista Española de Micropaleon-tología. 16: 75-90.
- Neagu, T., (1986), Barremian-Lower Aptian miliolid fauna in southern Dobrogea (Romania). Revista Española de Micropaleontología. 28: 313-348.
- Orbigny, d'.A.D., (1840), Mémoire sur les foraminifères de la craie blanche du bassin de Paris. Mémoires de la Société géologique de France. 4 (Mem. no. 1): 1-51.
- Premoli Silva, I., Verga, D., (2004), Practical Manual of Cretaceous Planktonic Foraminifera, Course 3. In: Verga, D. and Rettori, R., Eds., International School on Planktonic Foraminifera: Universities of Perugia and Milano, Tipografiadi di Pontefelcino, Perugia, 283 p.
- Purser, B.H. (Ed.), (1973), The Persian Gulf. Holocene Carbonate Sedimentation and Diagenesis
in a Shallow Epicontinental Sea. 471 pp., 250 figs, 7 pls, 3 maps.
- Radoičić, R., (1959), Nekoliko problematičnih mikrofosila iz dinarske krede (Some problematic microfossils from the Dinarian Cretaceous). Zavod za Geološka i Geofizička Istraživanja, Vesnik. 17: 87-92.
- Schlumberger, C., (1905), Note sur le genre Choffatella n. g. Communicações da Commissão do Serviço Geológico de Portugal. 6: 155-157.
- Sharland, P., Archer, R., Casey, D., Davies, R., Hall, S., Heward, A., Horbury, A., Simmons, M., (2001), Sequence Stratigraphy of the Arabian Plate, Arabian Plate Sequence Stratigraphy – revisions to SP2, 9, 1: 199–214, doi.org/10.2113/geoarabia 0901199. Tucker, M.E., 2001. Sedimentary Petro-logy.3rd Edition, Blackwell Science, Oxford, 262 p.
- Trejo, M., (1975), Tintínidos mesozoicos de México (taxonomía y datos paleobiológicos): Boletín de la Asociación Mexicana de Geólogos Petroleros, 27(10-12), 329–449.
- Trejo, M., (1980), Distribución Estratigráfica de los tintínidos mesozoicos mexicanos: Revista del Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, 12(4), 4–13.
- Van Buchem, F.S.P., Al-Husseini, M. I., Maurer, F., Droste, H.J., Yose, L.A., (2010), Sequence-stratigraphic synthesis of the Barremian-Aptian of the eastern Arabian Plate and implications for the petroleum habitat, GeoArabia Spec. Publ, 4 (1): 9-48.
- Wilson, J. L., (1975), Carbonate Facies in Geologic History: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 471 p.