Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on health anxiety, body image and psychological well-being in women with mastectomy breast cancer

Subject Areas : women health

Sahar Pasyar ¹ , Hisein Baghuli ^{2 *} , Majid Barzegar ³ , Nadereh Sohrabi ⁴

1 - PhD student, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Marodasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marodasht, [e-mail]
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Marodasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marodasht, Iran. (Corresponding author) [e-mail]
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht Branch, Marvdasht, Iran.
4 - Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Marodasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marodasht, Iran. Sohrabi_sh@[e-mail]

Received: 2022-07-26 Accepted : 2022-10-18 Published : 2023-04-08

Keywords: Health anxiety, psychological well-being, Body image, Therapy based on acceptance and commitment,

Abstract :

© 2020 The Author(s). This work is published by family and health as an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of death in women with many physical and psychological complications, and the aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment on health anxiety, psychological well-being and body image in women with mastectomy breast cancer. It is the city of Shiraz where they visited Amir Shiraz Hospital in 2022. Methods: The current research was of semi-experimental type, pre-test, post-test with control group and follow-up test. The subject population included a sample of 45 people who were randomly measured. The research tools included Weisman and Beck, health anxiety questionnaire, Riff psychological well-being questionnaire and Kash, Mikola and Brown body image questionnaire. The research data were used to test the hypotheses using the multivariate covariance method and the Sheffe and Benferoni post hoc tests, and the data were analyzed using the SPSS software. Results: The findings of this research showed that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment had a significant effect on the research variables health anxiety (F=77.822, p<0.05) body image (F=37.609, p<0.05) psychological well-being (F=8.637, P<0.05) Conclusion: Because the underlying principles of the treatment are based on acceptance and commitment in order to increase psychological flexibility, therefore, this treatment can be used in clinical settings along with other common treatments.

References:

References:
1- Pudkasam S, Feehan J, Talevski J, Vingrys K, Polman R, Chinlumprasert N, Stojanovska L, Apostolopoulos V. Motivational strategies to improve adherence to physical activity in breast cancer survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Maturities, 2021; 152: 32-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2021.06.008
2- Toda H, Kurozumi S, Kijima Y, Idichi T, Shinden Y, Yamada Y, Arai T, Maemura K, Fujii T, Horiguchi J, Natsugoe S. Molecular pathogenesis of triple-negative breast cancer based on microRNA expression signatures: Antitumor miR-204-5p targets AP1S3. Journal of human genetics, 2018; 63(12):1197-210. D.O.I: 10.1038/s10038-018-0510-3
3- El-Heliebi A, Kroneis T, Zöhrer E, Haybaeck J, Fischereder K, Kampel-Kettner K, Zigeuner R, Pock H, Riedl R, Stauber R, Geigl JB. Are morphological criteria sufficient for the identification of circulating tumor cells in renal cancer. Journal of translational medicine, 2013; 11(1):1-7. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2990-0_9
4- Forment JV, O’Connor MJ. Targeting the replication stress response in cancer. Pharmacology & therapeutics, 2018; 1(188): 155-67. DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.03.005v
5- Dessein PH, Solomon A, Hollan I. Metabolic abnormalities in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology, 2016; 30(5): 901-15. DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2016.10.001
Fink P, Ørnbøl E, Toft T, Sparle KC, Frostholm L, Olesen F. A new, empirically established hypochondriasis diagnosis. American Journal of Psychiatry, 2004; 161(9): 1680-91. DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.161.9.1680
6- American Psychiatric Association Division of Research. Highlights of changes from DSM-iv to dsm-5: Somatic symptom and related disorders. Focus, 2013; 11(4):525-7. doi.org/10.1176/appi.focus.11.4.525
7- Khosravi Z., Shahi Sadrabadi F., Rahmatinejad P.. Investigating the relationship between obsessive-compulsive disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder: evaluating categorical and dimensional approaches in the conceptualization of obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders, J thought and behavior in clinical psychology, 2018; 13(49): 7-16, https://jtbcp.riau.ac.ir/article_1461.html?lang=en
8- Sharifi Saki S., Alipour A., Fahimi Far, Taghdisi Karimi N.. Effectiveness of group cognitive therapy training based on mindfulness on reducing anxiety and over-anxiety of women with recurrent miscarriage. Faiz's bimonthly scientific-research journal, 2015; 19(4): 334-40, URL: http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-2790-en.html [in Persian]
9- Green MJ, Schubart JR, Whitehead MM, Farace E, Lehman E, Levi BH. Advance care planning does not adversely affect hope or anxiety among patients with advanced cancer. Journal of pain and symptom management, 2015; 49(6): 1088-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2014.11.293
10- Zhang J, Pavlova NN, Thompson CB. Cancer cell metabolism: the essential role of the nonessential amino acid, glutamine. The EMBO journal, 2017; 36(10): 1302-15. D.O.I: 10.15252/embj.201696151
11- Cash TF, Melnyk SE, Hrabosky JI. The assessment of body image investment: An extensive revision of the Appearance Schemas Inventory. International Journal of eating disorders, 2004; 35(3): 305-16. DOI:10.1002/eat.10264
12- Pelkey TJ, Frierson Jr HF, Bruns DE. Molecular and immunological detection of circulating tumor cells and micro metastases from solid tumors. Clinical chemistry, 1996; 42(9): 1369-81. DOI:10.1093/clinchem/42.9.1369
13- Spiegler MD. Contemporary behavior therapy. Cengage Learning; 2015
14- Jones PA, Issa JP, Baylin S. Targeting the cancer epigenome for therapy. Nature Reviews Genetics, 2016; 17(10): 630-41. https://europepmc.org/article/med/27629931
15- Bloom JR, Stewart SL, Johnston M, Banks P, Fobair P. Sources of support and the physical and mental well-being of young women with breast cancer. Social science & medicine, 2001; 53(11): 1513-24. DOI:10.1016/S0277-9536(00)00440-8
16- Alteri R, Barnes C, Burke A, Gansler T, Gapstur S, Gaudet M, Kramer J, Newman LA, Niemeyer D, Richards C, Runowicz C. Breast cancer facts & figures 2013-2014. Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2013.
17- Wetherell JL, Liu L, Patterson TL, Afari N, Ayers CR, Thorp SR, Stoddard JA, Ruberg J, Kraft A, Sorrell JT, Petkus AJ. Acceptance and commitment therapy for generalized anxiety disorder in older adults: A preliminary report. Behavior therapy, 2011; 42(1): 127-34. DOI: 10.1177/1740774520931864
18- Hunter S, Love-Jackson K, Abdulla R, Zhu W, Lee JH, Wells KJ, Roetzheim R. Sun protection at elementary schools: a cluster randomized trial. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2010 Jan 1;102(7): 484-92.
19- Baer R. Assessment of mindfulness and closely related constructs: Introduction to the special issue. Psychological assessment (2016). 28(7):787. DOI:10.1037/pas0000309
20- Flamant L, Roegiers E, Pierre M, Hayez A, Sterpin C, De Backer O, Arnould T, Poumay Y, Michiels C. TMEM45A is essential for hypoxia-induced chemoresistance in breast and liver cancer cells. BMC cancer, 2012; 12(1):1-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-12-391
21- Nararro-Haro MV, Hoffman HG, Garcia-Palacios A, Sampaio M, Alhalabi W, Hall K, Linehan M. The use of virtual reality to facilitate mindfulness skills training in dialectical behavioral therapy for borderline personality disorder: a case study. Frontiers in psychology, 2016; 2(7):15-73. Doi: 10.1089/cyber.2016.0012
22- Qaraei Ardakani Sh., Azad Fallah T.. The effectiveness of the acceptance and commitment therapy approach in reducing the intensity of pain experience in women with chronic headache disorder. Clinical Psychology, 2012; 4(2): 39-50, [in Persian]
23- Ghasemi L., Jabal Alami S.. The effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment on body image in women with breast cancer after mastectomy surgery. Health Research, 2018; 15(4): 261-255, URL: http://hsr.mui.ac.ir/article-1-1096-en.html
24- Moghadam, Nasira, Amrai, Asadi, Amani, Omid. The effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on life expectancy and psychological well-being of women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 2018; 6(5): 1-8, [in Persian]
25- Hamida Iri, Makundi B., Bakhtiarpour S., Hafezi F.. Comparison of effectiveness of treatment based on commitment and acceptance and dialectical behavior therapy on health anxiety, psychosocial adjustment and cognitive regulation of emotion in divorced women. Medical journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 2019; 2(6): 1‎
26- Spatola CA, Manzoni GM, Castelnuovo G, Malfatto G, Facchini M, Goodwin CL, Baruffi M, Molinari E. The ACT on HEART study: rationale and design of a randomized controlled clinical trial comparing a brief intervention based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to usual secondary prevention care of coronary heart disease. Health and quality of life outcomes, 2014; 12(1): DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-12-22
27- Shokri O., Taghi Lou S., Gravand F., Payizi M., Moulai M., Abdullah Pour M. Azad Akbari H.. Factorial structure and psychometric properties of Persian version of coping with stressful situations questionnaire, [in Persian]‎
28- Bayani AA, Mohammad Koochekya A, Bayani A. Reliability and validity of Ryff’s psychological well-being scales. Iranian journal of psychiatry and clinical psychology, 2008; 14(2):146-51. URL: http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-464-en.html
29- Esfahani A., Zinali SH., Kiani R... Group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on pain-related anxiety and cognitive regulation of emotion in breast cancer patients; a clinical trial study. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences, 2020; 23(2):138-49, D.O.i: 10.32598/JAMS.23.2.3364.2
30- Hoffman RF, Rand MR. Instrumental enrichment, an intervention program for structural cognitive modifiability: Theory and practice. Think. Learn. Skills, 2014; 3(1): 43. eBook ISBN9781315060149
31- Hayes SC, Strosahl KD, Wilson KG. Acceptance and commitment therapy. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2009.
32- Harris R. Embracing your demons: An overview of acceptance and commitment therapy. Psychotherapy in Australia, 2006; 12(4): 13
33- Smout MF, Hayes L, Atkins PW, Klausen J, Duguid JE. The empirically supported status of acceptance and commitment therapy: An update. Clinical Psychologist, 2012; 16(3): 97-109. DOI:10.1111/j.1742-9552.2012. 00051.x