The effect of biofertilizers and vermicompost on the morphological and phytochemical characteristics of Carla

Subject Areas : Environmental ecology

Tahmine Mirarab ¹ (Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran)
عیسی خمری ² (استادیار گروه زراعت، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران)
zaynab mohkami ³ (Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Agriculture Institute, Research Institute of Zabol, Zabol, Iran)
Mahdi Dahmardeh ⁴ (Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol , Zabol, Iran)
علیرضا سیروس مهر ⁵ (دانشگاه زابل)

Received: 2024-08-13 Accepted : 2024-09-17 Published : 2024-09-16

Keywords: Antidiabetic, Bitter melon, Mycorrhiza, Phosphorus, Pseudomonas,

Abstract :

Carla plant (Momcrdica Charantia L.) which is usually called bitter melon, bitter gourd, and bitter cucumber, is a medicinal plant from the Cucurbitaceae family. Carla plant has many therapeutic properties such as controlling diabetes, anticancer, and antimicrobial. Considering the indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers and their effect on reducing the quality of plants and increasing environmental pollution, this research was carried out to investigate the impact of biological and organic fertilizers on leaf chlorophyll index, yield, and quality of Carla fruit. The experiment was factorial in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications in the years 2021 and 2022. The experimental treatments include mycorrhiza at two levels (inoculation with Glomus mosseae and non-inoculation), plant growth-promoting bacteria at four levels (non-inoculation, inoculation with Azotobacter, inoculation with Pseudomonas and inoculation with both strains) and vermicompost at four levels (0, 4, 7, and 10 t ha-1). The results showed that the chlorophyll index, fruit dry weight, and fruit quality were lower in the second year due to the increase in temperature, decrease in rainfall, and enhance in monthly evaporation compared to the first year. The separate and combined application of mycorrhiza, plant growth-promoting bacteria, and vermicompost had positive effects on the studied traits compared to the control treatment (non-application of these factors). The combined treatments of all three agents had a greater positive effect than their separate applications. The combined treatment of mycorrhizal inoculation and the use of both bacterial strains in the presence of 10 tons per hectare vermicompost had the most positive effect on the studied traits and increased fruit carotenoid, fruit potassium, and chlorophyll index by 80.7%, 30.9%, and 72.7%, respectively. In general, the combined application of biofertilizers and vermicompost improved the yield and quality of karela by increasing chlorophyll and the content of elements.

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