Study of Relationship between Food Security with Urban Population and Development Plans in Iran
Subject Areas : Labor and Demographic Economics
jalal
salem
1
(Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Economic, Yazd Agricultural And Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Aaeeo, Yazd, Iran (Corresponding Author), email: jalal.salem@yahoo.com)
Keywords: Iran, Development Plans, JEL Classification: R11, Q17. Keywords: Food Security, Percentage of Urban Population,
Abstract :
The purpose of this study is investigating the food security among the Iranian's urban households and effective factors involved for the period of 1983 to 2011. For this purpose, time series pattern used for evaluating the effective factors. The results showed that during the period the food security of urban households had an increasing trend. Despite the enhancement of food security among urban households, 5.1 percent of the urban population received less than necessary calorie level in 2011. The effect of the percentage of urban population on urban households' food security index has been negative, although not significant at an appropriate level. The lag variable of aggregate food security index changes on growth of aggregate food security index in the next year will be negative, so that increasing in one unit growth of food security index in one year; its growth will be decreased by 0.008 units in the next year. According to the results, the index stability and keeping its increasing trend should be considered as a priority in the future development plans.
منابع
- خداداد کاشی، فرهاد، حیدری، خلیل(1383). برآورد سطح امنیت غذائی خانوارهای ایرانی بر اساس شاخص AHFSI، فصلنامه اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه، 12 (4): 16-1.
- صفرخانلو، الهام، محمدی نژاد، امیر(1390). بررسی تاثیرات ضایعات نان روی خط فقر و شاخص امنیت غذائی خانوارهای شهری و روستائی، فصلنامه اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه، (3): 29-15.
- ضرغامی، حسین (1388). مهاجرت در ایران، مجموعه مقالات پنجمین کنفرانس جمعیت، مرکز آمار ایران. تهران.
- قاسمی اردهانی، علی (1386). بررسی عوامل مهاجرت روستائیان به شهرها طی دوره 1359 الی 1383در ایران ، فصلنامه روستا و توسعه، موسسه پژوهش‌های برنامه‌ریزی و اقتصاد کشاورزی، (1): 46-32.
- مهرابی بشرآبادی، حسین، موسوی محمدی، حمیده (1387). بررسی تاثیر آزادسازی تجاری روی امنیت غذائی خانوارهای روستائی، فصلنامه روستا و توسعه، (10): 143-129.
- مهرابی بشرآبادی، حسین، موسوی محمدی، حمیده (1389). بررسی تاثیر سیاست‌های حمایت از بخش کشاورزی روی امنیت غذائی خانوارهای روستائی در ایران، فصلنامه اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه، (3): 168-153.
- مرسلی، ادریس (1385). نابرابری اشتغال شهری و روستائی در استان آذربایجان غربی طی دوره 1345 الی 1375. فصلنامه روستا و توسعه، (2): 77-61.
- مرکز آمار ایران، نتایج سرشماری جمعیت، 1394. انتشارات مرکز آمار ایران. تهران.
- نقدی، علی (1381). مطالعه توسعه شهرنشینی و تاثیرات اجتماعی آن، پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد. دانشگاه اصفهان.
- Ahmad, Sh. and M. Siddique Javed and A. Ghafoor )2004(.Estimation of food security situation at household level in rural areas of Panjab, International Journal of Agricultural& Biology, 36(6): 616-640.
- Beauchemin, C. & Bocquier, P. (2004). Migration and urbanization in Francophone West Africa: an overview of the recent empirical evidence, Urban Study, 41(2): 2245–2272.
- Bigman, D. (1993). The measurement of food security, In: Berck, P. / Bigman, D (eds.1993): Food security And Food Inventories, In Developing Countries, Wallingford: CAB International, 238-251.
- Deshingkar, P. (2006). Internal migration, poverty and development in Asia. ODI Briefing Paper 11. London, UK: Overseas Development Institute.
- Crush, J, Frayne , B. (2011). Rapid Urbanization and the Nutrition Transition in Southern African. Urban Food Security Series No. 7. Queen’s University
- Diaz-Bonilla, E., M. Thomas, S. Robinson and A. Cattaneo (2000). Food Security and Trade Negotiations in the World Trade Organization: A Cluster Analysis of Country Groups, Trade and Macroeconomics Discussion Paper 59, Washington D.C: International Food Policy Research Institute.
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2001), Some Issues Relating to Food Security in the Context of WTO Negotiations on Agriculture”,Geneva Round Table on Food Insecurity in the Context of WTO Negotiations on Agriculture (2001), Discussion Paper No. 1, Rome, Italy: FAO.
- Ruel, M., J.L. Garrett, S.S. Morris, D. Maxwell, A. Oshaug, P. Engle, P. Menon, A.Slack, and L. Haddad. (1998). Urban challenges to food and nutrition security: a review of food security, health and care giving in the cities. Food Consumption and Nutrition Division discussion paper 51. Washington, D.C.: International Food Policy Research Institute.
- Satterthwaite D. , Gordon Mc G. and Cecilia, T., (2010). Urbanization and its implications for food and farming,
- Sen A.K. (1976), Poverty: An ordinal approach to measurement, Econometrical, Vol.44, PP.219-231.
- Schneider, A., Friedl, M. A. and Potere, D. (2009), a new map of global urban extent from MODIS satellite data. Environ.Res. Letts. 4, 044003.
- Shapouri, Sh and Rosen, R. (2010). Developing Countries Face Urbanization Growth, Food-Security Worries, and Food-Safety Challenges, Food Security Assessment, 2008-09/ GFA-20 Economic Research Service/USDA.
- Thomson, A. and Metz, M. (1998). Implication of economic policy for food security. A Training Manual. FAO, Rome.
- Tiffen, M. (2003), Transitions in sub-Saharan Africa: Agriculture, Urbanization and income growth. World Dev. 31, 1343–1366.
- Tsegay G. (2009). Determinants of food security in rural households of the Tigray region. A thesis submitted to Addis Ababa University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in applied statistics.
- United Nations (2012), World population prospects. New York.
- World Trade Organization, (2000a). Agreement on agriculture: Special and differential treatment and a development box. Proposal to the June 2000 special session of the committee on agriculture by Cuba, The Dominican Republic, Honduras, Pakistan, Haiti, Nicaragua, Kenya, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Srilanka, and Elsalvador. G/AG/NG/W/13.
- World Trade Organization. International trade Statistic 2014.
_||_