Examining Habermas' Theory of Rationality and Rommunicative Action with Hafez's Critical Poems
Subject Areas : Comparative (with literary and artistic features)
Karim Nasrallahi
1
,
Shahrokh Hekmat
2
,
mohsen ezadyar
3
1 - PhD student of Persian language and literature, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran.
2 - Associate Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran.
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran.
Keywords: Keywords: Hafez, Critical Thought, Habermas, Communicative Action, Communicative Rationality.,
Abstract :
A critical review of the life and intellectual life and a review of the works and writings of Hafez and Habermas show that the political and social conditions of their era provided a necessary platform for the emergence of characters such as Hafez and Habermas. The suffocating political atmosphere of a dictator like Hitler, along with his personal experience, left an effective role on the formation of Habermas' thoughts, ideas and works. In the age of Hafez, such conditions prevailed. In other words, the situation of Hafez's time, which was accompanied by the emergence of an autocratic phenomenon named Amir Mubarezuddin, played a very important role in his writing of critical poems. Therefore, this research, with the descriptive-analytical method and using the critical approach, aims to answer these questions, what is the basis of the relationship between Habermas and Hafez's thought? What axis are the common chapters of Habermas and Hafez's thoughts based on? The findings of the research show that the main axis of communication is Habermas' communicative action and the critical thought of Hafiz their language. Habermas' communicative action in the framework of Hafez's critical discourse can be a message of part of the realities of society in the field of social justice, freedom and liberation, peace and friendship and polyphony. The members of Hafez's monophonic world can be Sufi accountants, preachers, ascetics andclaimants, andPir Moghan, Rand and Saqi can form the members of his polyphonic world. On the other hand, Habermas' discourse stimulates the desire for truth.