Investigating the antimicrobial effects of encapsulated Nisin on the growth and binding ability of Streptococcus mutans
Subject Areas : Biotechnological Journal of Environmental Microbiology
Zahra Heidari
1
(Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University)
Keywords: Micro liposome, Nisin, Growth curve, Dental plaque, Streptococcus mutans,
Abstract :
Nisin is an antimicrobial peptide composed of 34 amino acid residues. Due to the presence of lanthionine amino acids, it is classified as a lantibiotics and demonstrates effectiveness against numerous pathogenic microorganisms. Although its effectiveness is greatly reduced in various clinical and environmental settings due to its reaction with other compounds. New methods may be able to solve this problem in microcapsules and control their release. The use of fluoride in toothpaste helps control factors that contribute to tooth decay, one of the most common diseases that humans face in their lifetime. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of free and encapsulated nisin on Streptococcus mutans and its growth kinetics. Nisin was encapsulated in lecithin and alginate liposomes using the thin-layer hydration method. The size and distribution of nisin microliposomes were determined using scanning electron microscopy and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) techniques. To determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of nisin microliposomes and free nisin on S. mutans at various concentrations ranging from 0.78 to 25 μg/ml. To investigate the growth kinetics, the growth rate or inhibition of S. mutans was studied by exposing it to concentrations equivalent to the MIC over a 50-hour period at a wavelength of 600 nm. The study compared the effects of nisin and nisin microcapsules to those of the antibiotics amoxicillin and penicillin. Microencapsulated nisin reduced the growth of planktonic strains of S. mutans more effectively than free nisin. Nisin microliposomes at a concentration of 6.25 μg/ml inhibited the growth of S. mutans, whereas the inhibitory effects of free nisin were observed at a concentration of 12.5 μg/ml in both clinical and standard strains. Additionally, there was a significant reduction in the production of lactic acid by S. mutans. Based on the current findings regarding the inhibitory effects and durability of nisin micro encapsules, it is plausible that this compound could be utilized in combination with other methods to control tooth decay and enhance the anti-caries efficacy.
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