The effect of primary germination, standard germination test substrates and temperatures on three Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) commercial cultivars seed germination and seedling vigour

Subject Areas : Crop Production Research

Asal Khosravi ¹ , Aydin Hamidi ² , Jahanfar Daneshian ³

1 - M.Sc. graduated student, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Takestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Takestan, Iran.
2 - spcri, iran
3 - Research Professor of Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Karaj, Iran.

Received: 2024-04-07 Accepted : 2024-06-06 Published : 2024-07-30

Keywords: Seedling Vigour Index, Seed vigour test, Soybean varieties,

Abstract :

The research conducted in order to investigate and evaluate the effect of primary germination, standard germination test substrates and temperatures on three Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) commercial cultivars seed germination and seedling vigor, in the seed analysis laboratory of Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute (SPCRI) at Karaj in 2023. The experiment treatments include high primary germination ability (more than standard=higher than 80%) and low primary germination ability (sub-standard=less than 80%) seeds of three commercial soybean varieties, Saba (L17), Kausar (M7) and M9, and standard germination test substrates, top of paper (TP), between paper (BP) and sand (S) and germination temperatures, 25 Celsius degrees’ constant temperature and 20-30 Celsius degrees alternating temperatures. The investigated traits include final germination percentage, normal seedling percentage, germination rate, mean germination time, mean daily germination, daily germination speed, coefficient of velocity of germination, seedling weight vigor index, seedling length vigor index, seedling length, seedling dry weight and seedling fresh weight. The results showed that the seeds of all studied cultivars having high primary germination ability were superior to the seeds of low primary germination ability in terms of all investigated traits. Saba cultivar (L17) was superior to Kausar cultivars (M7) and M9 in terms of seed germination and seedling characteristics. The use of substrate between paper (BP) and sand (S) and the germination temperature of 25 Celsius degrees’ constant temperature and 20-30 Celsius degrees alternating temperatures were equally suitable for conducting the standard germination test of these cultivars seeds.