The effect of different doses of organic selenium on the expression of Interleukin-10, Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha genes, and antioxidant status in male Wistar rats under heat stress
Subject Areas : Journal of Animal Biology
1 - Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Keywords: Selenium, Interleukin-10, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Malondialdehyde, Total Antioxidant Capacity,
Abstract :
Heat stress is one of the most significant environmental stressors negatively affecting the health and immune system performance of living organisms. Selenium, an essential nutrient, acts as a cofactor for antioxidant enzymes, providing protective effects on cells. This study aimed to investigate the effects of organic selenium on the expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) genes, as well as oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), in laboratory rats under heat stress. In a completely randomized design, 30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups, with six rats per group. Six rats were kept at a standard temperature throughout the experiment, while the remaining rats were subjected to heat stress (38 ± 2°C for 6 hours daily). The negative control group (no heat stress) and positive control group (heat stress) received a standard pellet diet without additives, while the other three groups received a standard pellet diet supplemented with 0.15, 0.30, and 0.45 mg/kg of selenium from selenium-methionine for 30 days. The results showed that heat stress significantly reduced IL-10 and TAC levels and significantly increased TNF-α and MDA levels (p < 0.05). Selenium supplementation significantly increased IL-10 and decreased TNF-α levels (p < 0.05). Additionally, selenium supplementation significantly increased TAC and reduced MDA concentrations (p < 0.05). Selenium doses of 0.30 and 0.45 mg/kg effectively enhanced anti-inflammatory responses by increasing IL-10 gene expression and reducing TNF-α gene expression. These doses also reduced oxidative stress by decreasing MDA concentrations and increasing TAC, thereby improving antioxidant defense. Based on these findings, selenium doses of 0.30 to 0.45 mg/kg appear optimal for improving inflammatory and antioxidant status in rats under heat stress.
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