The Effect of Red Ginseng Water Extract on Oogenesis and Uterus Tissue of Adult NMR Mice

Subject Areas : Journal of Animal Biology

Z. Zohrevand Asl ¹ , N. hayati roudbari ² , S. Mohamadi Gorji ³ , K. Parivar ⁴

1 - Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Isamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Isamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 - Department of Biology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4 - Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Isamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Received: 2017-06-17 Accepted : 2017-06-17 Published : 2017-05-22

Keywords: Oogenesis, Ginseng, Uterus changes, NMRImouse strain,

Abstract :

Herbal product consumption and use of herbal medicines are now the most popular treatment methods. In the meantime, ginseng belongs to the genus Panax of the family Araliaceae has been among top ten common plants in people's food basket. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of ginseng extract on oogenesis in the adult NMRI strain. In this experimental study, we randomly divided 30 adult female mouse NMRI strain into 5 groups  for 30 d as follows: 1) Control (not gavaged), 2) Sham (gavaged water), 3) Treatment groups (gavaged 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg ginseng extract). Ginseng water extract was prepared in distilled water. After 30 d, they were killed. Ovarian and uterine tissue were removed and studied.The number of primary follicles in three experimental groups was 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg. Secondary follicles with doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg groups and graaf follicle with dose of 200 mg/kg group showed significant increase. Reduction in atretic follicle in groups with doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg was observed. Uterine studies showed significant increase in the thickness of perimeter and endometrial layer in group with dose of 100 mg/kg and the number of glands in experimental groups 1 and 2 showed increased.Finally, wecan say that using red ginseng water extract is effective on oogenesis and uterus tissue.  

References:

1. Attele A.S., Wu J.A., Yuan C.S., 1999. Ginseng Pharmacologymultiple constituents and multiple


2. Aslani E., Naghsh N., Ranjbar M., 2014. Cytotoxic effects of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Mentha spicata leaves on K562 cell line. Journal of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, 22: 67-79.


3. actions. Biochemistry and Pharmacology, 58(11): 1685-1693


4. Bent S., Ko R., 4004. Commonly used herbal medicines in the United States: a review. The American Journal of Medicine, 116(7): 478-485


5. Brekhman I.I., Dardymov I.V., 1969. New substances of plant origin which increase nonspecific resistance. Annual Review of Pharmacology, 9: 419-430.


6. Chu S.F., Zhang J.T., 2009. New achievements in ginseng research and its
   future prospects. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, 15(6): 403-408.


7.  Chuang C.H., Doyle P., Wang J.D., Chang P.J., Lai J.N., Chen P.C., 2006. Herbal medicines used during the first trimester and major congenital malformations. Drug Safety, 29(6): 537-548.


8. Du X.F., Jiang C.Z., Wu C.F., Won E.K., Choung S.Y., 2008. Synergistic immune stimulating activity of pidotimod and red ginseng acidic polysaccharide against cyclophosphamide-induced Immuno suppression. Archives of Pharmacological Research, 31: 1153-1159.


9. Helms S., 2004. Cancer prevention and therapeutics: Panax ginseng. Alternative Medicine Review, 9(3): 259-274.


10. Hong B., Ji Y.H., Hong J.H., Nam K.Y., Ahn T.Y., 2002. A double-blind crossover study evaluating the efficacy of Korean red ginseng in patients with erectile dysfunction: a preliminary report. Journal of Urology, 168(5): 2070-2073.


11. Jie Y.H., Cammisuli S., Baggiolini M., 1984. Immunomodulatory effects of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer in the mouse. Agents Actions, 15: 386-391


12. Jie D., Xu Y., Ma X., An J., Yang X., Liu Z., Lin N.., 2015. Estrogenic effect of the extract of Renshen (Radix Ginseng) on reproductive tissues in immature mice. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 35(4): 460-467.


13. Kang J.K., Lee Y.J., No K.O., 2002. Ginseng intestinal metabolite-I (GIM-I) reduces doxorubicin toxicity in the mouse testis. Reproductive Toxicology, 16(3): 292-298.


14. Kang K.S., Yokozawa T., Kim H.Y., Park J.H., 2006. Study on the nitric oxide scavenging effects of ginseng and its compounds. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 54: 2558-2562


15. Kim N.D., Hahn B.H., Lee E.B., 1979.  Studies of ginseng on the antistress effects. Korean Journal of Pharmacology, 10(2): 61–67.


16. Kim Y.J., Lee O.R., Lee S.Y., Kim K.T., Yang D.C., 2012. Isolation and characterization of theglutathione s-transferase gen from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer. Journal of Ginseng Research, 36: 449e60.


17. Lee D.C., Lee M.O., Kim C.Y., Clifford D.H., 1981. Effect of ether, ethanol and aqueous extracts of ginseng on cardiovascular function in dogs. Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine, 45:1


18. Liu C.X., Xio P.G., 1992. Recent advances on ginseng research in China. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 35: 27-38.


19. Nazari F., Johari H., Kargar H., 2014. Effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of ginseng on cyclophosphamide detoxification in ovary tissue of female adult rats. Journal of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, 12(3): 23-30.


20. Pak S.C., Lim S.C., Nah S.Y., Lee J., Hill J.A., Bae C.S., 2005. Role of Korean red ginseng total saponins in rat infertility induced by polycystic ovaries. Fertility and Sterility, 84(2): 1139-1143.


21. Park H. R., Lee S.E., Yang H., Son G.W., Jin Y.H., Park Y.S., 2015. Induction of thioredoxin reductase 1 by Korean red ginseng water extract regulates cytoprotective effects on human endothelial cells. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015: 1-10. 


22. Shin J.Y., Song J.Y., Yun Y.S., Yang H.O., Rhee D.K., Pyo S., 2002. Immunostimulating effects of acidic polysaccharides extract of Panax ginseng on macrophage function Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, 24: 469-482.


23. Wang W., Zhao Y., Rayburn E.R., Hill D.L., Wang H., Zhang R., 2007. In vitro anti-cancer activity and structure-activity relationships of natural products isolated from fruits of Panax ginseng. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 59: 589-601.


24. Xu L.L., Han T., Wu J.Z., Zhang Q.Y., Zhang H., Huang B.K., Rahman K., Qin L.P., 2009. Comparative research of chemical constituents, antifungal and antitumor properties of ether extracts of Panax ginseng and its endophytic fungus. Phytomedicine, 16: 609-616.


25. Yu W.J., Lee B.J., Nam S.Y., Yang D.C., Yun Y.W., 2003. Modulating effects of Korean ginseng saponins on ovarian function in immature rats. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 11: 1574-1580.


26. Yue P.Y., Mak N.K., Cheng Y.K., Leung K.W., Ng T.B., Fan D.T., Yeung H.W., Wong R.N., 2007. Pharmacogenomics and the Yin/Yang actions of ginseng: anti-tumor, angiomodulating and steroid-like activities of ginsenosides. Chinese Medicine, 2(1): 1-6.


27. Zare A., Khaksar Z., 2016. Effects of Panax Ginseng Alcoholic Extract on Histomorphometric Changes of Ovaries in Offspring Rats from Diabetic Mothers. Biosciences Biotechnology Research of Asia, 13: 237-245.