The role of biodiversity protection in achieving sustainable development
Subject Areas : International Legal ResearchPegah Nik Far Lialestani 1 , Hasan Savari 2 , Mohammed Hussain ramezani 3 , ali mashhadi 4
1 - PhD student in Public International Law, Department of Law, Theology and Political Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Email: pegah_nikfar93@yahoo.com
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of International Law, Faculty of Law, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. Author. Email: savari@modares.ac.ir
3 - Associate Professor, Department of Human Rights, Environment and International Law, Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran. Email: h_ramezani@sbu.ac.ir
4 - Associate Professor, Department of Public and International Law, Faculty of Law, Qom University, Qom, Iran. Email: Droitenviro@gmail.com
Keywords: Biodiversity, environment, Sustainable Development, international laws, Open waters,
Abstract :
Field and Aims: One of the threats to the earth is the loss of biodiversity. Given that the oceans have the highest amount of biodiversity and due to their transboundary nature, the management of marine resources requires interventions at the (national, regional and global) levels. to reduce threats. Based on this, we will address the issue of what role does the protection of biodiversity play in the realization of sustainable development?Method: The present research was carried out with a descriptive-analytical method.Finding and Conclusion: The world is facing more challenges that have far-reaching consequences for humanity. Some of these challenges are socio-economic, such as increasing poverty and political crisis, as well as environmental challenges, such as air pollution, climate change, and biodiversity loss. On the other hand, environmental rights are an important tool for monitoring and managing sustainable development, which is effective in determining environmental protection policies and reasonable and sustainable use of natural resources. Based on this, the sustainable development of the oceans and regulation through the application of the rule of law is one of the new phenomena in the international law of the seas. The declarations of Stockholm 1972, Rio 1992, Johannesburg 2002 stated that the achievement of sustainable development requires the protection of the environment and called for the orientation of international environmental law in line with the concept of sustainable development. In addition, other conventions such as the Law of the Sea, London, Basel, Nagoya and Cartagena are also trying to regulate the protection of the environment and biodiversity, which have been able to create changes in the internal regulations of governments in this regard.
- پورهاشمی، زینب و ارغند، سیدعباس. (1392). کلیات حقوق بین الملل محیط زیست. جلد اول تهران: نشر دادگستر.
- داودیان، الهه و اسکندری ثانی، محمد. (1396). آمایش سرزمین، «ضرورت بنیادین توسعه پایدار محیط زیست». چهارمین کنفرانس بین المللی برنامه ریزی و مدیریت.
- دهشیری، محمد رضا. (1393). جهانی شدن و تو سعه پایدار. آموزش محیط زیست و تو سعه پایدار، 4(2)، 75-64.
- رئیسی، لیلا. (1387). رابطه حفاظت از محیط زیست با صلح و توسعه پایدار. فصلنامه دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، 3(10 و 11)، 1-2.
- قائدی بلیانی، زینب. (1392). بررسی نقش تنوع زیستی در توسعه پایدار. اولین همایش ملی برنامه ریزی، حفاظت، حمایت از محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار، همدان.
- Caiado, Rodrigo Goyannes Gusmão, (2018), "A literature-based review on potentials and constraints in the implementation of the sustainable development goals." Journal of cleaner production 198 Elsevier
- Chapman, Andrew, and Yosuke Shigetomi (2018), "Developing national frameworks for inclusive sustainable development incorporating lifestyle factor importance." Journal of Cleaner Production 200 Elsevier
- Halati, Abolhassan, and Yuanjie He (2018), "Intersection of economic and environmental goals of sustainable development initiatives." Journal of Cleaner Production 189 Elsevier
- Joppa, Lucas N, Scott R, Loarie, and Stuart L. Pimm (2009) "On population growth near protected areas." PloS one 4.1,Public Library of Science San Francisco, USA, e4279
- anie, Norichika, and Frank Biermann (2017), “Governing through goals: Sustainable development goals as governance innovation” mit Press
- Lalaguna, P. D. Y., & Dorodnykh, E. (2018), “The role of private–public partnerships in the implementation of sustainable development goals: Experience from the SDG Fund”, Handbook of sustainability science and research, Springer.
- Lalaguna, P. D. Y., & Dorodnykh, E. (2018), “The role of private–public partnerships in the implementation of sustainable development goals: Experience from the SDG Fund”, Handbook of sustainability science and research, Springer.
- Sachs, Jeffrey D (2021),"From millennium development goals to sustainable development goals" Elsevier
- Salvia, Amanda Lange (2019), "Assessing research trends related to Sustainable Development Goals: Local and global issues." Journal of cleaner production Elsevier.
- Saner, Raymond, Lichia Yiu, and Christian Kingombe (2019), "The 2030 Agenda compared with six related international agreements: valuable resources for SDG implementation." Sustainability Science Springer.
- Singh, Gerald G (2018),"A rapid assessment of co-benefits and trade-offs among Sustainable Development Goals" , Elsevier
- Sumaila, U Rashid, Christophe Bellmann, and Alice Tipping, (2016),"Fishing for the future: An overview of challenges and opportunities" ,Elsevier.
- Sinakou, Eleni (2018), "Academics in the field of Education for Sustainable Development: Their conceptions of sustainable development." Journal of cleaner production , Elsevier.
- Szopik- Depczyńska, Katarzyna, (2018), "Innovation in sustainable development: an
investigation of the EU context using 2030 agenda indicators." Land use policy 79 Elsevier.
- Andalib Ardakani, Davood, and Asieh Soltanmohammadi (2019), "Investigating and analysing the factors affecting the development of sustainable supply chain model in the industrial sectors, Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management”, Wiley Online Library, Vol.26.
- Ardakani, D. A, & Soltanmohammadi, A. (2019). “Investigating and analysing the factors afecting the development of sustainable supply chain model in the industrial sectors. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management”, Vol.26.
- Baldassarre, B., Calabretta, G., Bocken, N. M. P., & Jaskiewicz, T. (2017),”Bridging sustainable business model innovation and user-driven innovation: A process for sustainable value proposition design”,Journal of Cleaner Production,Vol. 147.
- Baldassarre, Brian (2017), "Bridging sustainable business model innovation and user-driven innovation: A process for sustainable value proposition design." Journal of cleaner production 147 Elsevier,
- Bengtsson, M., Alfredsson, E., Cohen, M., Lorek, S., & Schroeder, P. (2018), “Transforming systems of consumption and production for achieving the sustainable development goals: Moving beyond efficiency”, Sustainability Science, vol.13.
- Bennett, Nathan J (2019), "Marine social science for the peopled seas, Coastal Management”, Taylor & Francis, Vol.47.
- Bengtsson, Magnus (2018), "Transforming systems of consumption and production for achieving the sustainable development goals: moving beyond efficiency", Sustainability science Springer
- Bhola, Nina(2021) "Perspectives on area‐based conservation and its meaning for future biodiversity policy", Wiley Online Library,vol.35.
- Broman, Göran Ingvar, and Karl-Henrik Robèrt (2017), "A framework for strategic sustainable development." Journal of cleaner production, Elsevier, vol.140.
- Elder, Mark, and Simon Høiberg Olsen (2019), "The Design of Environmental Priorities in the SDG s" Global Policy 10Wiley Online Library,
- Elder M., & Olsen, S. H. (2019), ”The design of environmental priorities in the SDGs. Global Policy”, 10.
- European Union Treaty of Lisbon Amending the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty Establishing the European Community. Available online: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=OJ:C:2007:306:TOC (accessed on 18 May 2020)
- FAO (2020). The State of the World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020.
- Ferreira, José Carlos,(2021),"Ocean literacy to promote sustainable development goals and agenda 2030 in coastal communities." Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute,Education Sciences, vol.11. http://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11020062.
- Geldmann Jonas, Lucas N Joppa, and Neil Burgess (2014). "Mapping change in human pressure globally on land and within protected areas.", Wiley Online Library, vol.28.
- Giddings, Bob, Bill Hopwood, and Geoff O'brien (2002), "Environment, economy and society: fitting them together into sustainable development.",Wiley Online Library, vol.10.
- Gupta, Joyeeta, and Måns Nilsson (2017), "12 Toward a Multi-level Action Framework for Sustainable Development Goals” ,mit Press.
- Hajer, M., Nilsson, M., Raworth, K., Bakker, P., Berkhout, F., De Boer, Y, (2015),”Beyond cockpitism: Four insights to enhance the transformative potential of the sustainable development goals. Sustainability”, Vol.7.
- Hajer, Maarten (2015), "Beyond cockpit-ism: Four insights to enhance the transformative potential of the sustainable development goals."
- Humphreys, John, and Roger JH Herbert (2018), "Marine protected areas: Science, policy & management Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science”, Elsevier.
- Kopnina, H. (2016),”The victims of unsustainability: A challenge to sustainable development goals. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology”, Vol.23.
- Leal Filho, W., Azeiteiro, U., Alves, F., Pace, P., Mifsud, M., Brandli, L (2018), “Reinvigorating the sustainable development research agenda: The role of the sustainable development goals (SDG). International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology”,Vol. 25.
- Leal Filho, Walter (2018), "Reinvigorating the sustainable development research agenda: the role of the sustainable development goals (SDG)" International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, Vol 25.
- Palea Vera (2018), "Financial reporting for sustainable development: Critical insights into IFRS implementation in the European Union" Elsevier, Vol. 42.
- Palomares, M. L. D. & Pauly, D. SeaLifeBase. www.sealifebase.org (2019). 2021, 11, 62. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11020062
- Roos, C., Cilliers, D. P., Retief, F. P., Alberts, R. C., & Bond, A. J. (2020),” Regulators’ perceptions of environmental impact assessment (EIA) benefts in a sustainable development context. Environmental Impact Assessment Review”, Vol.81.
- Roos, Claudine (2020), "Regulators' perceptions of environmental impact assessment (EIA) benefits in a sustainable development context" Environmental Impact Assessment Review 81 Elsevier.
- Salvia, A. L, Leal Filho, W, Brandli, L. L, & Griebeler, J. S. (2019). Assessing research trends related to sustainable development goals: Local and global issues”. Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol.208.
- Saner, R., Yiu, L., & Kingombe, C. (2019),”The 2030 Agenda compared with six related international agreements: Valuable resources for SDG implementation. Sustainability Science”, Vol.14.
- Topple, C., Donovan, J. D., Masli, E. K., & Borgert, T. (2017). “Corporate sustainability assessments: MNE engagement with sustainable development and the SDGs. Transnational Corporations”, Vol.24.
- Topple, Cheree (2017), "Corporate sustainability assessments: MNE engagement with sustainable development and the SDGs." Transnational Corporations 24.3United Nations.
- The Authors, “on behalf of Society for Conservation Biology”, Wiley Periodicals ,vol.35, pp. 168-178.DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13509
- Urbaniec, Krzysztof (2018), "System integration is a necessity for sustainable development." Journal of Cleaner Production 195 Elsevier.
- Vasconcelos, Lia (2013), "MARGov –Setting the ground for the governance of marine protected areas, Ocean & coastal management” Elsevier
- Vasconcelos, L Ramos Pereira, M.J Caser, U Gonçalves, G Silva, F Sá, R. MARGov (2013), “Setting the Ground for the Governance of Marine Protected Areas”, CrossRef, vol. 72.
- Watson, James EM (2016) "Bolder science needed now for protected areas." Wiley Online Library, vol.30.
- Worm, Boris (2006), "Impacts of biodiversity loss on ocean ecosystem services." science 314.5800 American Association for the Advancement of Science.
_||_