Effect of seed priming and their interaction on germination and seedlings characteristics of corn SC704 (Zea mays L.)
Subject Areas : Agroecology JournalMehdi Ramezani 1 * , Reza Rezaei sokht Abandani 2
1 - Member of Young Researcher Club, Agronomy Dept., Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University of Tehran, Iran.
2 - Member of Young Researcher Club, Agronomy Dept., Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University of Tehran, Iran.
Keywords: Germination rate, seedling vigor, corn, priming, germination mean,
Abstract :
In order to study the priming effect on germination and seedling characteristics of a single cross corn (SC704), an experiment was carried out as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Mazandaran province (Sari) in 2010. Treatments included seed priming with poly ethylene glycol (PEG) at concentration of 10%, potassium nitrate (KNO3) 0.5%, potassium chloride (KCl) 2%, normal water and a control (no priming). The results showed that the maximum germination rate was occurred for a pretreatment with poly ethylene glycol 10% and hydropriming (water). The lowest shoot wet weight and germination rate was obtained for osmopriming of potassium chloride 2%. Maximum germination rate index, average germination time and mean daily germination was observed in the control and osmopriming with KCl 2% and the highest ratio of dry weight R/S was obtained in potassium chloride 2% pretreatment. Also the weighted index of seedling vigor was obtained by seed pretreatment with polyethylene glycol 10%. In conclusion, the results of this study revealed that priming procedure improved seed germination of corn hybrid SC704 and increased seed emergence rate could eventually increase its performance. According to the results, priming by polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000) 10% and hydropriming (pure water) for 24 hours is recommended.
Abbual-baki AA , Anderson JD (1973)Relationship between decarboxilation of glutamic acid and vigour in soyben seed. Crop Science 13: 222-226.
Afzal I (2005) Seed enhancements to induced salt tolerance in whaet (Triticum aestivum L.). Ph.D. Thesis, Agricultural University of Faisalabad, Pakistan 24(3): 2439-251.
Afzal A, Aslam N, Mahmood F, Hameed A, Irfan S, Ahmad G (2006) Enhancement of germination and emergence of canola seeds by different priming techniques. Garden Depesguisa Biology 16(1): 19-34.
Al–Mudarsi MA, Jutzi SC (1999) The influence of fertilizer – based seed priming treatments on emergence and seedling growth of sorghum bicolor and Pennisetum glaucum in pot trials under greenhouse conditions. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 182: 135-142.
Akbari G, Modarres sanavy SAM, Yousefzadeh S (2007) Effect of auxin and salt stress (NaCl) on seed germination of wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.). Pakistan Journal of Biological Science 10 (15): 2557-2561.
Ashraf M, Rauf H (2001) Inducing salt tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.) through seed priming with chloride salts: growth and ion transport at early growth stages. Acta Physiology Plant 23: 407-414.
Ashraf M, Foolad MR (2005) Pre- sowing seed treatment – Ashotgun approach to improve germination, growth and crop yield under saline and none – saline conditions. Advances in Agronomy 88: 223-265.
Artola A, Carrillo-Castaneda G, Santos GDL (2003) Hydropriming: A strategy to increase Lotus corniculatus L. seed vigor. Seed Science and Technology 31: 455-463.
Basra A. S, Farooq M, Afzal I, Hussain M (2006) Influence of osmopriming on the germination and early seedling growth of coarse and fine rice. International Journal of Agricultural Biology 8: 19-21.
Basra AS, Dhillon R, Malik CP (1989) Influence of seed pre – treatment with plant growth regulators on metabolic alterations of germinating maize embryos unber stressing temperature regimes. Annals of Botany 64: 37-41.
Basra SMA, Pannu IA, Afzal I (2003) Evaluation of seedling vigour of hydro and matriprimed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seeds. International Journal of Agricultural Biology 5: 121-123.
Bewley JD, Blak M (1998) Seed: physiology of development and germination. Second Edition. Plenum Press New York.
Bradford KJ (1995) Water relations in seed germination. In: Kigel J and Galili G, (Eds), Seed development and germination. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York. pp. 361-396.
Chojnowski FC, Come D (1997) Physiological and biochemical changes induced in sunflower seeds by osmopriming and subsequent drying, storage and aging. Seed Science Research 7: 323-331.
Das M, Zaidi PH (1996) Effect of various soil matric potentials on germination and seedling growth of chickpea ( Cicer arietimum L.) biotypes. Legume Research 19: 211-217.
De F, Kar RK (1994)Seed germination and seedling growth of mung bean ( Vigna radiate) under water stress induced by PEG-6000. Seed Science and Technology 23: 301-304.
Eissenstat DM, Whaley EL, Volder A (1999) Recovery of citrus surface roots following prolonged exposure to dry soil. Journal of Experimental Botany 50: 1845-1854.
Farooq M, Basra SMA, Warraich EA, Khaliq A (2006) Optimization of hydropriming techniques for rice seed invigoration. Seed Scienes Technology 34: 529-534.
Garg BK, Gupta IC (1997) Plant relations to salinity. In: Salin wastelands environments and plant growth. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur. 79-121 pp.
Ghassemi FA, Jakman J, Nik HA (1995) Salinisation land and water resources. Human Causes, Extent, Management and Case Studies University 51: 428-433. [In Persian With English Abstract].
Hafeez U R, Faroog M, Afzal I (2007) Late sowing of wheat seed priming–DAWN–Business 22: 356-362.
International Seed Testing Association (2009)International rules for seed testing. Seed Sci. Technol 24:155- 202.
Judi M, Sharifzadeh F (2006) Investigation the effect of hydropriming in barley cultivars. International Journal of DESERT 11: 99-109.
Kafi M, Goldani M (2000) The effect of water potential and causing the material on Tuesday sprouting crop of wheat, sugar beets and peas. Journal of Agricultural Resource Sciences 15: 121-132. [In Persian With English Abstract].
Kalhor V (2009) Osmopriming effects on germination and seedling traits of a few herbs and oils. M.Sc. Thesis in Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Science and Research. [In Persian With English Abstract].
Karaki G N (1998) Response of wheat and barley during germination to seed osmopriming at different water potential. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 181(4): 229-235.
Kaurs A, Gupta K, Kaur N (2002) Effect of osmo and hydropriming of chickpea seeds on seedling growth and carbohydrate metabolism under water deficit stress. Plant Growth Regulators 37: 12-22.
Khodadadi M, Omidbeigi Majidi M, Khosh kholq S (2003) Effect of seed priming on the germination characteristics of wheat under salt stress. Journal of Soil and Water Sciences 17 (1): 75-86. [In Persian With English Abstract].
Khajeh–Hosseini A, Powell A, Bingham IJ (2003) The interaction between salinity stress and vigour during germination of soyabean seeds. Seed Science Technology 31: 715-725.
Michel BE, Kaufman MR (1973)The osmotic potential of polyethylenglycol 6000. Plant Physiology 51: 914-916.
Mohammad F, Shahza M A (2005)Rice cultivation by seed priming. Dawn Business Articles 44: 829-836.
Moradi Dezfuli P, sharif–zadeh F, Janmohammadi M (2008) Influence of priming technigues on seed germination behavior of maize inbred lines (Zea mays L.). ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science 3 (3): 53-62. [In Persian With English Abstract].
Murray G, Swensen J B, Gallian J J (1993) Emergence of sugar beet seedlings at low soil temperature following seed soaking and priming. Hort Science 28(1): 31-33.
Murungu FS, Nyamugafata P, Chiduza C, Clark LJ, Whalley WR (2003) Effects of seed priming aggregate size and soil matric potential on emergence of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.). Soil and Tillage Research 74: 161-168.
Nagar RP, Dadlani M, Sharama SP (1998)Effect of hydropriming on field emergence and crop growth of maize genotypes. Seed Research 26: 1-5.
Nichols MA, Heydecker W (1968)Two approaches to the study of germination. Proc. International Seed Testing Association 33: 531-540.
Penalosa APS, Eira MTS (1993) Hydration – dehydration treatments on tomato seeds (Lgcopersicon esculentum Mill.). Seed Science Technology 21: 309-316.
Pretorius JC, Chris small JG, Fagerstedt KV (1998) The effect of soaking injury in seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris L. on germination, respiration and adenylate energy charge. Seed Science Research 8: 17-28.
Sanchez JA, Munoz BC, Fresneda J (2001) Combine effects of hyrdening hydration-dehydration and heat shock treatments on the germination of tomato, pepper and cucumber. Seed Science Technology 29: 691-697.
Sivritepe N, Sivritepe H O, Eris A (2003) The effects of NaCl priming on salt tolerance in melon seedling grown under saline conditions. Scientia Holticuturae 97: 229-232.
Soltani E, Galeshi S, Kamkar B, Akram-ghaderi F (2008) The effect of seed aging on seedling growth as effected by environmental factors in wheat. Journal of Agricultural Resource Sciences 46: 508-513. [In Persian With English Abstract].
William E, Stuart P (1990)Polyethlenglycol solution contact effects on seed germination. Agronomy Journal 82: 1103-1107.
Zheng G, Ronald W, Slinkard A, Gusta LV (1994) Enhancement of canola seed germination and seedling emergence. Crop Science 34: 1589-1593.
_||_