Evaluation of Rational Perception in Ghazali’sPerspective

Subject Areas : Epistemological researches

Seyyed Bagher Mirabdallahi ¹

1 - عضو هیأت علمی گروه معارف اسلامی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران،

Received: 2016-02-22 Accepted : 2016-02-22 Published : 2015-08-23

Keywords: Ghazali, philosophical reason, revelation, certain science, episteme,

Abstract :

This paper addresses to validate the mental perceptions and Ghazali’s levels of understanding, dealing with the departure point starting from his well- known attack against philosophers. The main question in this paper is that how much is the validity of philosophical reason when it is going beyond its own epistemological realm, trying to explain the religious concepts by its own method? Ghazali believes that the philosophical reason is not sufficient. For it is beyond the reason ability, therefore, the reason must be illuminated by the revelation to understand such issues. Accordingly, the reason is not an independent source of knowledge, if it wants to speak about the religious propositions; it will go beyond its own limitation. He begins with the certain science denying the philosophical reason determining the limitation of reason, explaining the problems of philosophers, theologians and sufis by delivering the criteria of episteme. Finally, he concludes the philosophical knowledge is not the instrument which can help us to understand the scriptures and it is not related to it, because the reason beyond its limitation will engage in contradiction and skepticism and cannot show the reality as such is. Therefore, the religion must be independent. As a result, this paper criticizes the methodical incoherency that can be found in the meaning of reason has been depicted in his works.

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