Bemisia tabaci is one of the most important pests of crops and greenhouse products. In this research, Non-free spawning preference, the length of the prepubertal growth period, and the mortality rate before the maturity of this pest were investigated on tomato cultivars under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that there is a significant difference at the level of five percent in terms of spawning. The lowest and highest number of eggs per unit of leaf area were observed in Early urbana II and Ergon cultivars, respectively. The results showed that the effect of the host cultivar on the length of the developmental and mortality period of the embryonic and pupal period is not significant, but it is significant on the length of the developmental and mortality period of the nymph period and prepubertal (egg to complete insect). The highest length of the growth period of nymph and prepubertal (egg to complete insect) was recorded on the Early urbana II cultivar and the lowest value of the above parameters was recorded on the Ergon cultivar. The highest losses of the nymph stage and prepubertal (egg to complete insect) were observed on the Early urbana II cultivar and the lowest value of these parameters was observed on the Ergon cultivar. Therefore, the Early urbana II cultivar is more unfavorable to B. tabaci than the other cultivars, and it is a desirable attitude to prioritize planting it in the pests management strategy to lessen the damage caused by the B. tabaci. Manuscript profile

Bemisia tabaci is one of the most important pests of crops and greenhouse products, which is of great importance due to the transmission of viral diseases. In this research, Non-free spawning preference, the length of the prepubertal growth period, and the mortality rate before the maturity of this pest on tomato cultivars including Rio Grand, Ergon, Early Urbana I, and Early Urbana II were investigated under greenhouse conditions. The experiments were designed in a completely randomized block design. The results showed that there is a significant difference at the level of five percent in terms of spawning. The lowest and highest number of eggs per unit of leaf area were observed in Early urbana II and Ergon cultivars, respectively. The results showed that the effect of the host cultivar on the length of the developmental and mortality period of the embryonic and pupal period is not significant, but it is significant on the length of the developmental and mortality period of the nymph period and prepubertal (egg to complete insect). The highest length of the growth period of nymph and prepubertal (egg to complete insect) was recorded on the Early urbana II cultivar and the lowest value of the above parameters was recorded on the Ergon cultivar. The highest losses of the nymph stage and prepubertal (egg to complete insect) were observed on the Early urbana II cultivar and the lowest value of these parameters was observed on the Ergon cultivar. Therefore, the Early urbana II cultivar is more unfavorable to B. tabaci than the other cultivars, and it is a desirable attitude to prioritize planting it in the pests management strategy to lessen the damage caused by the B. tabaci. Manuscript profile

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the extract of Fumaria parviflora Lam. and Teucrium polium Linn. on repelling and inhibiting the spawning of white cotton boll Bemisia tabaci Genn. Methods: In this study, the extract of Fumaria parviflora Lam. and Teucrium polium Linn. was obtained and tested for its repellent and inhibitory properties against white cotton boll Bemisia tabaci Genn. The extract was applied to cotton bolls and the behavior of Bemisia tabaci Genn. was observed and recorded. Results: The results of this study showed that the extract of Fumaria parviflora Lam. and Teucrium polium Linn. exhibited significant repellent properties against white cotton boll Bemisia tabaci Genn. The extract effectively repelled the insects, reducing their presence on the cotton bolls. Additionally, the extract demonstrated inhibitory effects on the spawning of Bemisia tabaci Genn., reducing the number of eggs laid on the cotton bolls. Conclusions: This study provides valuable insights into the potential use of the extract of Fumaria parviflora Lam. and Teucrium polium Linn. as a natural repellent and inhibitor for controlling white cotton boll Bemisia tabaci Genn. infestations. The findings contribute to the development of environmentally friendly and sustainable pest management strategies in cotton cultivation. Manuscript profile