Diazinon (DNZ) is one of the most widely used organophosphorus poisons, which plays an important role in chemical pest control by controlling a wide range of chewing and sucking pests in gardens and fields. Diazinon causes death in living organisms by reducing cholinesterase and disrupting nerve cells. In this research, the effect of Rosa damascena extract against DNZ toxicity and oxidative damage induced by DZN in mice was studied. The mice toxified with DNZ (32.5 mg kg-1, intraperitoneally) and treated by pralidoxime (PM) (20 mg kg-1, intraperitoneally) or R. Damascena extract (50, 100, 200 mg kg-1, orally) daily for two weeks. In the end, the acetylcholinesterase (AchE), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), Malondialdehyde (MDA), ALT, AST, ALP, and total bilirubin were assayed. DZN administration significantly lowered the AchE, and FRAP and increased the MDA (P < 0.05). However, R. Damascena extracts treatment caused a significant reduction in MDA level and restored the levels of AchE and FRAP as well as significantly prevented the DZN-induced increase in liver aminotransferases, ALP, and total bilirubin. We found that R. Damascena administration nearly eliminated DZN-induced toxicity by preventing oxidative stress in mice. Manuscript profile