زولنگ یا شیشاق (Eryngium campestre) از گیاهان دارویی متعلق به خانواده چتریان می باشد که در صنایع دارویی کاربرد فراوانی دارد. پژوهش حاضر به منظور بررسی تاثیر کاربرد مواد نیتروکسین، اسید هیومیک و گلایسین بر برخی خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیک زولنگ انجام شد. آزمایش در قالب آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه فاکتور نیتروکسین (0، ۱ و ۲ میلی لیتر در لیتر)، اسید هیومیک (0، ۱ و ۲ میلی لیتر در لیتر)، گلایسین (0، ۷۵ و ۱۵۰ گرم در لیتر) با سه تکرار در گلخانه دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان در پاییز 1398 انجام شد. صفات اندازه گیری شده شامل وزن تر ریشه، وزن خشک ریشه، طول ریشه، ارتفاع گیاه، تعداد برگ، سطح برگ، میزان جذب عناصر نیتروژن، پتاسیم و فسفر توسط برگ بود. نتایج نشان داد صفات اندازه گیری شده تحت فاکتورهای نیتروکسین، گلایسین و اسید هیومیک به طور جداگانه و ترکیبی دارای اختلاف معنی دار نسبت به شاهد بودند. به طور کلی نتایج نشان داد که فاکتورهای بکار رفته در این پژوهش، قابلیت بهبود صفات کمی و کیفی گیاه زولنگ را دارند و می توان در تولید تجاری از آن ها استفاده نمود. Manuscript profile

This research was conducted to investigate the effects of peppermint (Mentha piperita) essence treatment (2000 mg L-1) and cola soft drink treatment separately and in combination with each other on the vase life and some physiological characteristics of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii) cut flowers with factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design with 3 replications. Distilled water used as control. The results showed that all treatments significantly increased the vase life, solution absorption, petal carotenoids, flower diameter, relative fresh weight, and petal total soluble solids in comparison with control. The highest and the lowest vase life were obtained in the peppermint essence plus cola soft drink treatment (250 ml L -1) with 20.33 days and in the control with 9 days, respectively. The highest amounts of carotenoid, flower diameter, relative fresh weight, and total soluble solids were obtained in the peppermint essence plus cola soft drink treatment (250 ml L -1). The highest amounts of solution absorption were obtained in flowers treated with cola soft drink (250 ml L-1). In general, the results indicated that the peppermint essence as a safe and natural antimicrobial compound and the cola soft drink as a common drink having sugary and acid materials with easy access and being affordable could be used in gerbera cut flower preservative solution. Manuscript profile

چمن‌های طبیعی و گیاهان پوششی بومی در بسیاری از نقاط کره زمین عامل زیبایی شهرهای بزرگ و تصفیه‌کننده هوا از گرد و غبار و سموم هستند، مانع گرم و خشک شدن محیط می‌شوند و اثر مهمی بر حفظ لطافت هوا و کاهش انواع آلودگی های محیطی می‌گذارند. بدین منظور، تحقیق حاضر در راستای شناسایی اولیه و انتخاب برخی گونه های بومی منطقه گرگان که از پتانسیل کافی برای استفاده به عنوان گیاهان پوششی و یا چمنی برخوردار می باشند، انجام پذیرفت. ابتدا بازدیدی از مناطق حاشیه شهر صورت گرفت و از یک فهرست 20 گونه ای اولیه، تعداد 10 گونه انتخاب شده و به صورت گلدانی در مقایسه با چمن اسپورت معمولی مورد مقایسه قرار گرفتند. طرح آماری استفاده شده از نوع فاکتوریل بر پایه کاملا تصادفی بوده و تحقیق جاری از اوایل مهر سال 1392 بصورت آزمایش گلدانی با تعداد 10 بوته اولیه در گلدان و چهار تکرار گلدانی برای هر گونه مد نظر قرار گرفت. مهمترین فاکتورهای مورد بررسی که در اوج گرمایی (15 مرداد) و سرمایی (15 بهمن) مورد سنجش قرار گرفتند عبارت بودند از میزان رشد طولی (ارتفاع)، میزان سبزمانی و توانایی ایجاد پوشش سطحی (تراکم). نتایج بدست آمده نشان از قابلیت مناسب چمن اسپورت، یال‌‌اسبی، پنجول و مرغ داشته است. Manuscript profile

In this study, Gerbera (Cv. alain ducasse) cut flowers were treated with essences of Eucalyptus and Rosa damascena at a concentration of 200 mg l-1 and their effects on the vase life of flowers and some qualitative characteristics were evaluated. This research was a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement. Maximum vase life was obtained for flowers treated with the Eucalyptus essence (10 days) and the lowest vase life was related to the control (7 days). The maximum fresh weight, solution uptake, bent neck reduction were related to the Eucalyptus treatment and the maximum stem diameter was obtained with the R. damascena essence treatment. In addition, the total soluble solids in the treatment with herbal essences were increased compared to the control; however, no significant difference between them was observed. Overall, for increasing the vase life and qualitative characteristics of Gerbera cut flowers, eucalyptus and R. damascena essences can be used in the vase solution. Treatments used in this experiment, as accessible compounds are healthy and non-hazardous for the environment, appropriate to increase the vase life of Gerbera cut flowers. Manuscript profile

Magnolia soulangeanais a big shrub or a small tree with an irregular growth mode anda spring flowering tree whose large flowers appears before the emergence of leaves. Blossoms will be reflowed in early summer. To evaluate the effect of different concentrations of indole butyric acid and the proper time ofbetter rooting forMagnoliasoulangeana cuttings, anexperiment was conducted in 2013-2014 inGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Research. Five prepared levels of indole butyric acid of zero, 1000, 2000,4000,6000 mg L-1and the bottom of cuttings were put in the above solution for five seconds, and then they were kept under mist system within the context of the greenhouse for 75 d and after that,they were removed for measuring the desired parameters. The highest percentage of rooting, the average number of roots, the average length of roots and establishment percentage related to 4000 mg L-1attendance was in late June. All traits under study were significant at the level of 1%. Cuttingin late Junehad positive impact for all traits under study, such as rooting percentage, callusing percentage, root number, and root length.After all, the concentration of 4000 mg L-1 of indole butyric acid in which the largest test number and highest percentage of survival can be seen is considered as one of the best hormonal treatments. Manuscript profile

In this study, the concentrations of 25, 375 and 500 ml L-1 of Cola+ 2000 mg L-1 of peppermint essence and concentrations of 30, 45 and 60 ml L-1 of apple extract +2000 mg L-1 rosemary essence on Alstroemeria cut flowers (Cv. balance) were investigated to verify the use of natural ingredients in flowers preservative solutions. This experiment was conducted in the laboratory of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, in 2014. Results showed that the interaction of cola with peppermint essence and apple extract with rosemary essence at above concentrations increase the vase life of flower, flower diameter and anthocyanin at significantly level of %1. The highest amount of vase life was related to concentration of 500 ml L-1 of cola (15 days), while vase life in control treatment (distilled water) was 9 days. The highest flower diameter was recorded in apple extract (45 ml L-1) + Rosemary essence (2000 mg L-1). The highest amount of anthocyanin was obtained in cola treatments of 500 ml L-1+ essence of peppermint, 30 and 45 ml L-1 of apple extract+ rosemary essence. Besides, flowers treated by 375 ml L-1 of cola + peppermint essence had the highest chlorophyll content. Generally, the results showed that treatments used in this experiment, as accessible compounds are healthy and non-hazardous for the environment, appropriate to increase the vase life of Alstroemeria cut flowers. Manuscript profile