NanoTiO2 , nanoZrO2 and TiO2 /ZrO2 nanocomposite were prepared via sol gel method by using ultrasonic irradiation. The precursor sol of zirconium was prepared from an aqueous solution of ZrCl4 and titanium tetra 2-propoxide was diluted by 2-propanol and deionized water The TiO2 /ZrO2 nanocomposite was synthesized from directly mixing Titanium dried gel into Zirconium gel. The reaction mixture was placed under ultrasonic irradiation probe for 2 hours. The filtrated composite gel was washed and calcinated at 500 °C for 3h in furnace. The FT-IR spectroscopy and the XRD study were exhibited that the crystal structure and purity of the TiO2 /ZrO2 nano composite FESEM images were indicated the morphology and the average size of the NPs. The mean crystallite size of the NanoTiO2 , nanoZrO2 and TiO2 /ZrO2 nanocomposite were determined 57, 19 and 23 nm respectively. The photocatalytic performance was highly increased when nano-composite of TiO2 /ZrO2 was used to degradation of Congo red (CR) solution. The TiO2 /ZrO2 nano composite was shown higher photo-degradation efficiency than the pure nanoTiO2 and nanoZrO2 . Manuscript profile

Nanocomposite of ZrO2/ZnO was prepared under ultrasonic irradiation by sol gel process from directly mixing Zirconium and Zinc gels, and the mixture was placed under ultrasonic irradiation for 2 hours then aging time the filtrated composite gel was calcinated at 500°C for 3h in furnace. The precursor sol of zirconium was prepared from an aqueous solution of ZrCl4 and zinc acetate dihydrated was dissolved in de-ionized water. The FT-IR analysis and the XRD study were exhibited that the crystal structure and purity of the ZrO2/ZnO nanocomposite FESEM images was indicated the morphology and the average size of the NPs. The average size of the ZrO2/ZnO nanocomposite was determined 37 nm. Manuscript profile

Nano hexagonal wurtzite ZnO has been prepared on zeoliteA by the sono-chemical method. The zeoliteA was mixed into Zinc gel, after stirring for two days, the mixture was irradiated 30 min by ultrasonic probe. The filtrated composite gel was calcinated at 500°C for 3h in furnace. The produced composite was characterized using X-ray diffraction, FT-IR spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The average crystal size of the nanoZnO and nanoZnO on zeoliteA was determined 53 and 38 nm, respectively. The range of particles size of the nanoZnO on zeoliteA is 30-50 nm. The particles of nanoZnO on the surface of zeoliteA has been dispersed over the zeoliteA framework and the results have shown a higher rate of photodegradation of Congo red (an azo-dye) as compared with bare nanoZnO. Manuscript profile

In this work, ZrO2/TiO2/ZnO ternary nanocomposites were prepared by the sol-gel technique. The Taguchi method with the L9 orthogonal array was utilized to optimize the experimental conditions for the preparation of nanocomposites. The design has four factors, and each factor has three levels. The design factors of this study were calcination temperature, the aging time, the calcination time, and ultrasonic irradiation duration. Furthermore, as-synthesized structural features of nanocomposites were characterized, utilizing XRD, BET, FESEM, and EDX. The photocatalytic activities of all ZrO2/TiO2/ZnO nanocomposites were evaluated by the photodegradation of Congo red (CR) as an azo dye. The photocatalytic property of nanocomposites was enhanced by decreasing particle size and increasing the surface area. The best sample photodegraded 97% the CR solution within 15 min under an 8W UV lamp. The optimal conditions were achieved as 400 ºC calcination temperature, 72 h aging time, 4 h calcination time, and 30 min duration of ultrasonic irradiation for CR solution photodegradation. The effect of each parameter was evaluated using ANOVA analysis. The kinetics results showed the pseudo-first-order reaction mechanism for the photocatalytic activities of the nanocomposites. Manuscript profile